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We need to evaluate
I=∫12∣2x−[3x]∣dx.
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Since the floor function [3x] changes value when 3x crosses an integer, we split the interval [1,2] at points where 3x is an integer:
x=1,34,35,2.
So we consider:
- 1≤x<34
- 34≤x<35
- 35≤x<2
- and the endpoint x=2 does not affect the integral.
- Find [3x] on each interval.
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For 1≤x<34, we have 3≤3x<4, so
[3x]=3.
Then
∣2x−[3x]∣=∣2x−3∣.
Since 1≤x<34, we have 2≤2x<38<3, so 2x−3<0. Thus
∣2x−3∣=3−2x.
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For 34≤x<35, we have 4≤3x<5, so
[3x]=4.
Then
∣2x−[3x]∣=∣2x−4∣.
Here 38≤2x<310<4, so 2x−4<0. Thus
∣2x−4∣=4−2x.
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For 35≤x<2, we have 5≤3x<6, so
[3x]=5.
Then
∣2x−[3x]∣=∣2x−5∣.
Here 310≤2x<4<5, so 2x−5<0. Thus
∣2x−5∣=5−2x.
Hence
I=∫14/3(3−2x)dx+∫4/35/3(4−2x)dx+∫5/32(5−2x)dx.
- Evaluate each part.
First:
∫14/3(3−2x)dx=[3x−x2]14/3
=(4−916)−(3−1)=920−2=92.
Second:
∫4/35/3(4−2x)dx=[4x−x2]4/35/3
=(320−925)−(316−916)
=935−932=31.
Third:
∫5/32(5−2x)dx=[5x−x2]5/32
=(10−4)−(325−925)
=6−950=94.
- Add them:
I=92+31+94
=92+93+94=99=1.
Therefore, the value of the integral is
1.