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Definite Integration question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 2 · Q26
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Definite Integration question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 2 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
If the value of the integral ∫012x2(1−x2)32dx\int\limits_0^{{1 \over 2}} {{{{x^2}} \over {{{\left( {1 - {x^2}} \right)}^{{3 \over 2}}}}}} dx0∫21​​(1−x2)23​x2​dx is k6{k \over 6}6k​, then k is equal to :
  1. A
    23+π2\sqrt 3 + \pi23​+π
  2. B
    32−π3\sqrt 2 - \pi32​−π
  3. C
    32+π3\sqrt 2 + \pi32​+π
  4. D
    23−π2\sqrt 3 - \pi23​−π
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We need to evaluate I=∫01/2x2(1−x2)3/2 dxI=\int_0^{1/2} \frac{x^2}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}\,dxI=∫01/2​(1−x2)3/2x2​dx and compare it with I=k6.I=\frac{k}{6}.I=6k​.

  2. Rewrite the integrand in a useful form.

Notice that x2=1−(1−x2),x^2=1-(1-x^2),x2=1−(1−x2), so x2(1−x2)3/2=1(1−x2)3/2−11−x2.\frac{x^2}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}=\frac{1}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}.(1−x2)3/2x2​=(1−x2)3/21​−1−x2​1​.

Thus, I=∫01/2dx(1−x2)3/2−∫01/2dx1−x2.I=\int_0^{1/2}\frac{dx}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}-\int_0^{1/2}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}.I=∫01/2​(1−x2)3/2dx​−∫01/2​1−x2​dx​.

  1. Evaluate each integral separately.

We use the standard results: ∫dx(1−x2)3/2=x1−x2+C,\int \frac{dx}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+C,∫(1−x2)3/2dx​=1−x2​x​+C, because ddx(x1−x2)=1(1−x2)3/2.\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\right)=\frac{1}{(1-x^2)^{3/2}}.dxd​(1−x2​x​)=(1−x2)3/21​.

Also, ∫dx1−x2=sin⁡−1x+C.\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\sin^{-1}x + C.∫1−x2​dx​=sin−1x+C.

Hence, I=[x1−x2−sin⁡−1x]01/2.I=\left[\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}-\sin^{-1}x\right]_0^{1/2}.I=[1−x2​x​−sin−1x]01/2​.

  1. Substitute the limits.

At x=12x=\frac12x=21​: x1−x2=1/21−1/4=1/23/4=13,\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\frac{1/2}{\sqrt{1-1/4}}=\frac{1/2}{\sqrt{3/4}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt3},1−x2​x​=1−1/4​1/2​=3/4​1/2​=3​1​, and sin⁡−1(12)=π6.\sin^{-1}\left(\frac12\right)=\frac{\pi}{6}.sin−1(21​)=6π​.

At x=0x=0x=0: x1−x2−sin⁡−1x=0−0=0.\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}-\sin^{-1}x=0-0=0.1−x2​x​−sin−1x=0−0=0.

Therefore, I=13−π6.I=\frac{1}{\sqrt3}-\frac{\pi}{6}.I=3​1​−6π​.

Now, 13=33=236,\frac{1}{\sqrt3}=\frac{\sqrt3}{3}=\frac{2\sqrt3}{6},3​1​=33​​=623​​, so I=236−π6=23−π6.I=\frac{2\sqrt3}{6}-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{2\sqrt3-\pi}{6}.I=623​​−6π​=623​−π​.

Thus, k6=23−π6  ⟹  k=23−π.\frac{k}{6}=\frac{2\sqrt3-\pi}{6} \implies k=2\sqrt3-\pi.6k​=623​−π​⟹k=23​−π.

  1. Compare with the options.

So the correct option is: D: 23−π.\boxed{\text{D: }2\sqrt3-\pi}.D: 23​−π​.

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