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Complex Numbers question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 2 · Q46
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  5. /2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 2 · Q46

Complex Numbers question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 2 · Q46

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersNumerical+4 / −1
Let α,β\alpha, \betaα,β be the roots of the equation x2−ax−b=0x^2-\mathrm{ax}-\mathrm{b}=0x2−ax−b=0 with Im⁡(α)<Im⁡(β)\operatorname{Im}(\alpha)\lt \operatorname{Im}(\beta)Im(α)<Im(β). Let Pn=αn−βn\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{n}}=\alpha^{\mathrm{n}}-\beta^{\mathrm{n}}Pn​=αn−βn. If P3=−57i,P4=−37i,P5=117i\mathrm{P}_3=-5 \sqrt{7} i, \mathrm{P}_4=-3 \sqrt{7} i, \mathrm{P}_5=11 \sqrt{7} iP3​=−57​i,P4​=−37​i,P5​=117​i and P6=457i\mathrm{P}_6=45 \sqrt{7} iP6​=457​i, then ∣α4+β4∣\left|\alpha^4+\beta^4\right|​α4+β4​ is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 31

  1. Given data and basic relations

The roots α,β\alpha,\betaα,β of x2−ax−b=0x^2-ax-b=0x2−ax−b=0 satisfy α+β=a,αβ=−b.\alpha+\beta=a, \qquad \alpha\beta=-b.α+β=a,αβ=−b.

Also, Pn=αn−βn.P_n=\alpha^n-\beta^n.Pn​=αn−βn.

We are given: P3=−57 i,P4=−37 i,P5=117 i,P6=457 i.P_3=-5\sqrt7\,i,\quad P_4=-3\sqrt7\,i,\quad P_5=11\sqrt7\,i,\quad P_6=45\sqrt7\,i.P3​=−57​i,P4​=−37​i,P5​=117​i,P6​=457​i.

Let Pn=7 i Qn.P_n=\sqrt7\,i\,Q_n.Pn​=7​iQn​. Then Q3=−5,Q4=−3,Q5=11,Q6=45.Q_3=-5,\quad Q_4=-3,\quad Q_5=11,\quad Q_6=45.Q3​=−5,Q4​=−3,Q5​=11,Q6​=45.


  1. Recurrence satisfied by PnP_nPn​

Since α,β\alpha,\betaα,β are roots of x2−ax−b=0x^2-ax-b=0x2−ax−b=0, each root satisfies r2=ar+b.r^2=ar+b.r2=ar+b. Hence the sequence αn\alpha^nαn and βn\beta^nβn each satisfy rn=arn−1+brn−2.r^n=a r^{n-1}+b r^{n-2}.rn=arn−1+brn−2. Subtracting, we get Pn=aPn−1+bPn−2.P_n=aP_{n-1}+bP_{n-2}.Pn​=aPn−1​+bPn−2​. So for n=5,6n=5,6n=5,6, P5=aP4+bP3,P_5=aP_4+bP_3,P5​=aP4​+bP3​, P6=aP5+bP4.P_6=aP_5+bP_4.P6​=aP5​+bP4​.

Substitute the given values: 117i=a(−37i)+b(−57i),11\sqrt7 i=a(-3\sqrt7 i)+b(-5\sqrt7 i),117​i=a(−37​i)+b(−57​i), 457i=a(117i)+b(−37i).45\sqrt7 i=a(11\sqrt7 i)+b(-3\sqrt7 i).457​i=a(117​i)+b(−37​i).

Cancel 7i\sqrt7 i7​i: 11=−3a−5b...(1)11=-3a-5b \quad ...(1)11=−3a−5b...(1) 45=11a−3b...(2)45=11a-3b \quad ...(2)45=11a−3b...(2)


  1. Solve for aaa and bbb

From (1): 3a+5b=−11.3a+5b=-11.3a+5b=−11. From (2): 11a−3b=45.11a-3b=45.11a−3b=45.

Solve:

Multiply the first by 111111: 33a+55b=−121.33a+55b=-121.33a+55b=−121. Multiply the second by 333: 33a−9b=135.33a-9b=135.33a−9b=135. Subtract: 64b=−256⇒b=−4.64b=-256 \Rightarrow b=-4.64b=−256⇒b=−4. Then from 3a+5b=−113a+5b=-113a+5b=−11: 3a−20=−11⇒3a=9⇒a=3.3a-20=-11 \Rightarrow 3a=9 \Rightarrow a=3.3a−20=−11⇒3a=9⇒a=3.

Thus, α+β=3,αβ=4.\alpha+\beta=3,\qquad \alpha\beta=4.α+β=3,αβ=4.

So α,β\alpha,\betaα,β are roots of x2−3x+4=0.x^2-3x+4=0.x2−3x+4=0.


  1. Find α4+β4\alpha^4+\beta^4α4+β4

Let Sn=αn+βn.S_n=\alpha^n+\beta^n.Sn​=αn+βn. We need ∣S4∣|S_4|∣S4​∣.

Using standard identities: S1=α+β=3,S_1=\alpha+\beta=3,S1​=α+β=3, S2=(α+β)2−2αβ=32−2⋅4=9−8=1.S_2=(\alpha+\beta)^2-2\alpha\beta=3^2-2\cdot 4=9-8=1.S2​=(α+β)2−2αβ=32−2⋅4=9−8=1.

Now, S4=(S2)2−2(αβ)2=12−2⋅42=1−32=−31.S_4=(S_2)^2-2(\alpha\beta)^2=1^2-2\cdot 4^2=1-32=-31.S4​=(S2​)2−2(αβ)2=12−2⋅42=1−32=−31. Therefore, ∣α4+β4∣=∣−31∣=31.|\alpha^4+\beta^4|=|-31|=31.∣α4+β4∣=∣−31∣=31.


  1. Answer check

Derived answer: 313131.

This matches the stored correct answer.

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