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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q32
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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
If zzz is a complex number such that ∣z∣⩽1|z| \leqslant 1∣z∣⩽1, then the minimum value of ∣z+12(3+4i)∣\left|z+\frac{1}{2}(3+4 i)\right|​z+21​(3+4i)​ is :
  1. A
    2
  2. B
    52\frac{5}{2}25​
  3. C
    32\frac{3}{2}23​
  4. D
    3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Let a=−12(3+4i)=−32−2i.a=-\frac{1}{2}(3+4i)=-\frac{3}{2}-2i.a=−21​(3+4i)=−23​−2i. Then the given expression becomes ∣z+12(3+4i)∣=∣z−a∣.\left|z+\frac{1}{2}(3+4i)\right|=|z-a|.​z+21​(3+4i)​=∣z−a∣.

  2. The condition ∣z∣≤1|z|\le 1∣z∣≤1 means that the point representing zzz lies inside or on the circle centered at the origin with radius 111.

  3. We need the minimum distance from a point a=−32−2ia=-\frac{3}{2}-2ia=−23​−2i to the closed disk ∣z∣≤1|z|\le 1∣z∣≤1.

  4. First find the distance of aaa from the origin: ∣a∣=∣12(3+4i)∣=12∣3+4i∣=12⋅5=52.|a|=\left|\frac{1}{2}(3+4i)\right|=\frac{1}{2}|3+4i|=\frac{1}{2}\cdot 5=\frac{5}{2}.∣a∣=​21​(3+4i)​=21​∣3+4i∣=21​⋅5=25​.

  5. Since the disk has radius 111, and the point aaa is outside the disk, the minimum distance from aaa to the disk is ∣a∣−1=52−1=32.|a|-1=\frac{5}{2}-1=\frac{3}{2}.∣a∣−1=25​−1=23​.

    Equivalently, min⁡∣z∣≤1∣z−a∣=∣a∣−1.\min_{|z|\le 1}|z-a|=|a|-1.min∣z∣≤1​∣z−a∣=∣a∣−1.

  6. Therefore, min⁡∣z+12(3+4i)∣=32.\min \left|z+\frac{1}{2}(3+4i)\right|=\frac{3}{2}.min​z+21​(3+4i)​=23​.

  7. Checking options:

    • A: 222 ❌
    • B: 52\frac{5}{2}25​ ❌
    • C: 32\frac{3}{2}23​ ✅
    • D: 333 ❌
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