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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q45
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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q45

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
The sum of all possible values of θ∈[−π,2π]\theta \in[-\pi, 2 \pi]θ∈[−π,2π], for which 1+icos⁡θ1−2icos⁡θ\frac{1+i \cos \theta}{1-2 i \cos \theta}1−2icosθ1+icosθ​ is purely imaginary, is equal to :
  1. A
    4π4 \pi4π
  2. B
    3π3 \pi3π
  3. C
    2π2 \pi2π
  4. D
    5π5 \pi5π
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let z=1+icos⁡θ1−2icos⁡θ.z=\frac{1+i\cos\theta}{1-2i\cos\theta}.z=1−2icosθ1+icosθ​. We want zzz to be purely imaginary, so its real part must be zero.

  2. Put x=cos⁡θ.x=\cos\theta.x=cosθ. Then z=1+ix1−2ix.z=\frac{1+ix}{1-2ix}.z=1−2ix1+ix​.

  3. Rationalize the denominator: z=(1+ix)(1+2ix)(1−2ix)(1+2ix).z=\frac{(1+ix)(1+2ix)}{(1-2ix)(1+2ix)}.z=(1−2ix)(1+2ix)(1+ix)(1+2ix)​. Now, (1+ix)(1+2ix)=1+2ix+ix+2i2x2=1+3ix−2x2,(1+ix)(1+2ix)=1+2ix+ix+2i^2x^2=1+3ix-2x^2,(1+ix)(1+2ix)=1+2ix+ix+2i2x2=1+3ix−2x2, since i2=−1i^2=-1i2=−1. Also, (1−2ix)(1+2ix)=1+4x2.(1-2ix)(1+2ix)=1+4x^2.(1−2ix)(1+2ix)=1+4x2. Hence, z=1−2x2+3ix1+4x2.z=\frac{1-2x^2+3ix}{1+4x^2}.z=1+4x21−2x2+3ix​.

  4. Therefore, ℜ(z)=1−2x21+4x2.\Re(z)=\frac{1-2x^2}{1+4x^2}.ℜ(z)=1+4x21−2x2​. For zzz to be purely imaginary, ℜ(z)=0  ⟹  1−2x2=0.\Re(z)=0 \implies 1-2x^2=0.ℜ(z)=0⟹1−2x2=0. So, x2=12  ⟹  x=±12.x^2=\frac12 \implies x=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt2}.x2=21​⟹x=±2​1​. Thus, cos⁡θ=±12.\cos\theta=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt2}.cosθ=±2​1​.

  5. Now find all θ∈[−π,2π]\theta\in[-\pi,2\pi]θ∈[−π,2π] satisfying this.

For cos⁡θ=12\cos\theta=\frac{1}{\sqrt2}cosθ=2​1​: θ=2kπ±π4.\theta=2k\pi\pm \frac{\pi}{4}.θ=2kπ±4π​. Within [−π,2π][-\pi,2\pi][−π,2π], these are −π4, π4, 7π4.-\frac{\pi}{4},\ \frac{\pi}{4},\ \frac{7\pi}{4}.−4π​, 4π​, 47π​.

For cos⁡θ=−12\cos\theta=-\frac{1}{\sqrt2}cosθ=−2​1​: θ=2kπ±3π4.\theta=2k\pi\pm \frac{3\pi}{4}.θ=2kπ±43π​. Within [−π,2π][-\pi,2\pi][−π,2π], these are −3π4, 3π4, 5π4.-\frac{3\pi}{4},\ \frac{3\pi}{4},\ \frac{5\pi}{4}.−43π​, 43π​, 45π​.

So all possible values are −3π4, −π4, π4, 3π4, 5π4, 7π4.-\frac{3\pi}{4},\ -\frac{\pi}{4},\ \frac{\pi}{4},\ \frac{3\pi}{4},\ \frac{5\pi}{4},\ \frac{7\pi}{4}.−43π​, −4π​, 4π​, 43π​, 45π​, 47π​.

  1. Their sum is (−3π4−π4+π4+3π4)+(5π4+7π4).\left(-\frac{3\pi}{4}-\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{3\pi}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{5\pi}{4}+\frac{7\pi}{4}\right).(−43π​−4π​+4π​+43π​)+(45π​+47π​). The first four terms cancel to 000, so sum=12π4=3π.\text{sum}=\frac{12\pi}{4}=3\pi.sum=412π​=3π.

  2. Therefore, the correct option is 3π.\boxed{3\pi}.3π​. So option B is correct.

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