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Application of Derivatives question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q28
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  5. /2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q28

Application of Derivatives question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q28

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
Let (2,3)(2,3)(2,3) be the largest open interval in which the function f(x)=2log⁡e(x−2)−x2+ax+1f(x)=2 \log _{\mathrm{e}}(x-2)-x^2+a x+1f(x)=2loge​(x−2)−x2+ax+1 is strictly increasing and (b, c) be the largest open interval, in which the function g(x)=(x−1)3(x+2−a)2\mathrm{g}(x)=(x-1)^3(x+2-\mathrm{a})^2g(x)=(x−1)3(x+2−a)2 is strictly decreasing. Then 100(a+b−c)100(\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{b}-\mathrm{c})100(a+b−c) is equal to :
  1. A
    360
  2. B
    420
  3. C
    160
  4. D
    280
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given f(x)=2ln⁡(x−2)−x2+ax+1f(x)=2\ln(x-2)-x^2+ax+1f(x)=2ln(x−2)−x2+ax+1 and the largest open interval where fff is strictly increasing is (2,3)(2,3)(2,3).

  2. Find aaa using f′(x)f'(x)f′(x)

    For increasing, we need f′(x)>0f'(x)>0f′(x)>0.

    f′(x)=2x−2−2x+af'(x)=\frac{2}{x-2}-2x+af′(x)=x−22​−2x+a

    Simplify: f′(x)=2+(a−2x)(x−2)x−2f'(x)=\frac{2+(a-2x)(x-2)}{x-2}f′(x)=x−22+(a−2x)(x−2)​

    Since domain is x>2x>2x>2, denominator is positive. So sign depends on numerator: 2+(a−2x)(x−2)2+(a-2x)(x-2)2+(a−2x)(x−2)

    Expand: 2+ax−2a−2x2+4x=−2x2+(a+4)x+(2−2a)2+ax-2a-2x^2+4x = -2x^2+(a+4)x+(2-2a)2+ax−2a−2x2+4x=−2x2+(a+4)x+(2−2a)

    We are told the largest interval of increase is (2,3)(2,3)(2,3), so f′(x)>0f'(x)>0f′(x)>0 exactly for 2<x<32<x<32<x<3, and at the endpoint x=3x=3x=3 we must have f′(3)=0f'(3)=0f′(3)=0

    Now, f′(3)=21−6+a=a−4f'(3)=\frac{2}{1}-6+a=a-4f′(3)=12​−6+a=a−4 Hence, a=4a=4a=4

    Check: f′(x)=2x−2−2x+4f'(x)=\frac{2}{x-2}-2x+4f′(x)=x−22​−2x+4 =2+(−2x+4)(x−2)x−2=\frac{2+(-2x+4)(x-2)}{x-2}=x−22+(−2x+4)(x−2)​ Since −2x+4=−2(x−2)-2x+4=-2(x-2)−2x+4=−2(x−2),

    =\frac{-2(x-1)(x-3)}{x-2}$$ For $x>2$, denominator is positive, so $f'(x)>0$ when $(x-1)(x-3)<0$, i.e. $$2<x<3$$ as required. Thus, $$a=4$$
  3. Now analyze g(x)=(x−1)3(x+2−a)2g(x)=(x-1)^3(x+2-a)^2g(x)=(x−1)3(x+2−a)2

    Substitute a=4a=4a=4: g(x)=(x−1)3(x−2)2g(x)=(x-1)^3(x-2)^2g(x)=(x−1)3(x−2)2

  4. Find interval where ggg is strictly decreasing

    Differentiate: g′(x)=3(x−1)2(x−2)2+(x−1)3⋅2(x−2)g'(x)=3(x-1)^2(x-2)^2+(x-1)^3\cdot 2(x-2)g′(x)=3(x−1)2(x−2)2+(x−1)3⋅2(x−2)

    Factor: g′(x)=(x−1)2(x−2)[3(x−2)+2(x−1)]g'(x)=(x-1)^2(x-2)\big[3(x-2)+2(x-1)\big]g′(x)=(x−1)2(x−2)[3(x−2)+2(x−1)] g′(x)=(x−1)2(x−2)(5x−8)g'(x)=(x-1)^2(x-2)(5x-8)g′(x)=(x−1)2(x−2)(5x−8)

    Since (x−1)2≥0(x-1)^2\ge 0(x−1)2≥0, the sign of g′(x)g'(x)g′(x) depends on (x−2)(5x−8)(x-2)(5x-8)(x−2)(5x−8)

    Critical points are: x=1,x=85,x=2x=1,\quad x=\frac85,\quad x=2x=1,x=58​,x=2

    For decreasing, need g′(x)<0g'(x)<0g′(x)<0.

    Check intervals:

    • If x<85x<\frac85x<58​, then (x−2)<0(x-2)<0(x−2)<0 and (5x−8)<0(5x-8)<0(5x−8)<0, so product >0>0>0
    • If 85<x<2\frac85<x<258​<x<2, then (x−2)<0(x-2)<0(x−2)<0 and (5x−8)>0(5x-8)>0(5x−8)>0, so product <0<0<0
    • If x>2x>2x>2, then product >0>0>0

    Therefore, the largest open interval where ggg is strictly decreasing is (b,c)=(85,2)(b,c)=\left(\frac85,2\right)(b,c)=(58​,2)

    So, b=85,c=2b=\frac85,\qquad c=2b=58​,c=2

  5. Compute the required value 100(a+b−c)=100(4+85−2)100(a+b-c)=100\left(4+\frac85-2\right)100(a+b−c)=100(4+58​−2) =100(2+85)=100⋅185=360=100\left(2+\frac85\right)=100\cdot \frac{18}{5}=360=100(2+58​)=100⋅518​=360

  6. Final answer 100(a+b−c)=360100(a+b-c)=360100(a+b−c)=360 So the correct option is A.

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