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3D Geometry question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q33
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3D Geometry question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q33

JEE MainMathematics3D GeometryMCQ+4 / −1
An angle between the lines whose direction cosines are gien by the equations, lll + 3m + 5n = 0 and 5 lll m −-− 2mn + 6n lll = 0, is :
  1. A
    cos⁡−1(13){\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{1 \over 3}} \right)cos−1(31​)
  2. B
    cos⁡−1(14){\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{1 \over 4}} \right)cos−1(41​)
  3. C
    cos⁡−1(16){\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{1 \over 6}} \right)cos−1(61​)
  4. D
    cos⁡−1(18){\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{1 \over 8}} \right)cos−1(81​)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Let the direction cosines of the required lines be (l,m,n)(l,m,n)(l,m,n).

    They satisfy l+3m+5n=0l+3m+5n=0l+3m+5n=0 and 5lm−2mn+6nl=0.5lm-2mn+6nl=0.5lm−2mn+6nl=0.

  2. Since l,m,nl,m,nl,m,n are direction cosines, only their ratios matter for determining the line. Let x=ln,y=mnx=\frac{l}{n},\qquad y=\frac{m}{n}x=nl​,y=nm​ (assuming n≠0n\neq 0n=0; the solutions obtained will give valid directions).

    Then the first equation becomes x+3y+5=0⇒x=−3y−5.x+3y+5=0 \quad\Rightarrow\quad x=-3y-5.x+3y+5=0⇒x=−3y−5.

  3. Substitute into the second equation: 5xy−2y+6x=0.5xy-2y+6x=0.5xy−2y+6x=0.

    Using x=−3y−5x=-3y-5x=−3y−5, 5(−3y−5)y−2y+6(−3y−5)=0.5(-3y-5)y-2y+6(-3y-5)=0.5(−3y−5)y−2y+6(−3y−5)=0.

    Simplify: −15y2−25y−2y−18y−30=0-15y^2-25y-2y-18y-30=0−15y2−25y−2y−18y−30=0 −15y2−45y−30=0.-15y^2-45y-30=0.−15y2−45y−30=0.

    Divide by −15-15−15: y2+3y+2=0y^2+3y+2=0y2+3y+2=0 (y+1)(y+2)=0. (y+1)(y+2)=0.(y+1)(y+2)=0.

    Hence, y=−1ory=−2.y=-1 \quad \text{or} \quad y=-2.y=−1ory=−2.

  4. Find corresponding xxx values:

    • If y=−1y=-1y=−1, then x=−3(−1)−5=−2.x=-3(-1)-5= -2.x=−3(−1)−5=−2. So one direction ratio is l:m:n=−2:−1:1.l:m:n = -2:-1:1.l:m:n=−2:−1:1.

    • If y=−2y=-2y=−2, then x=−3(−2)−5=1.x=-3(-2)-5=1.x=−3(−2)−5=1. So another direction ratio is l:m:n=1:−2:1.l:m:n = 1:-2:1.l:m:n=1:−2:1.

    Therefore the two lines have direction ratios d⃗1=(−2,−1,1),d⃗2=(1,−2,1).\vec d_1=(-2,-1,1), \qquad \vec d_2=(1,-2,1).d1​=(−2,−1,1),d2​=(1,−2,1).

  5. Angle between the lines is the angle between these direction vectors.

    Compute dot product: d⃗1⋅d⃗2=(−2)(1)+(−1)(−2)+(1)(1)=−2+2+1=1.\vec d_1\cdot \vec d_2 = (-2)(1)+(-1)(-2)+(1)(1)=-2+2+1=1.d1​⋅d2​=(−2)(1)+(−1)(−2)+(1)(1)=−2+2+1=1.

    Magnitudes: ∣d⃗1∣=(−2)2+(−1)2+12=6,|\vec d_1|=\sqrt{(-2)^2+(-1)^2+1^2}=\sqrt{6},∣d1​∣=(−2)2+(−1)2+12​=6​, ∣d⃗2∣=12+(−2)2+12=6.|\vec d_2|=\sqrt{1^2+(-2)^2+1^2}=\sqrt{6}.∣d2​∣=12+(−2)2+12​=6​.

    Hence

    =\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}\,\sqrt{6}}=\frac{1}{6}.$$ So, $$\theta=\cos^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{6}\right).$$
  6. Checking options:

    • A: cos⁡−1(1/3)\cos^{-1}(1/3)cos−1(1/3) — incorrect
    • B: cos⁡−1(1/4)\cos^{-1}(1/4)cos−1(1/4) — incorrect
    • C: cos⁡−1(1/6)\cos^{-1}(1/6)cos−1(1/6) — correct
    • D: cos⁡−1(1/8)\cos^{-1}(1/8)cos−1(1/8) — incorrect

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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