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Thermodynamics question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 1 · Q16
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Thermodynamics question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 1 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
The reaction of cyanamide, NH2CNNH_2CNNH2​CN(s) with oxygen was run in a bomb calorimeter and Δ\DeltaΔ U was found to be −-− 742.24 kJ mol −-− 1. The magnitude of Δ\DeltaΔ H298 for the reaction NH2CH(S)+32O2(g)→N2(g)+O2(g)+H2O(I)N{H_2}C{H_{(S)}} + {3 \over 2}{O_{2(g)}} \to {N_{2(g)}} + {O_{2(g)}} + {H_2}{O_{(I)}}NH2​CH(S)​+23​O2(g)​→N2(g)​+O2(g)​+H2​O(I)​ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ kJ. (Rounded off to the nearest integer) [Assume ideal gases and R = 8.314 J mol −-− 1 K −-− 1]
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 741

  1. Given data
  • For the combustion reaction in a bomb calorimeter: ΔU=−742.24 kJ mol−1\Delta U = -742.24\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}ΔU=−742.24 kJ mol−1
  • Temperature: T=298 KT = 298\ \text{K}T=298 K
  • Gas constant: R=8.314 J mol−1K−1=0.008314 kJ mol−1K−1R = 8.314\ \text{J mol}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1} = 0.008314\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1}R=8.314 J mol−1K−1=0.008314 kJ mol−1K−1

We need the magnitude of ΔH298\Delta H_{298}ΔH298​.


  1. Use the relation between ΔH\Delta HΔH and ΔU\Delta UΔU

For ideal gases, ΔH=ΔU+ΔngRT\Delta H = \Delta U + \Delta n_g RTΔH=ΔU+Δng​RT where Δng\Delta n_gΔng​ is the change in moles of gaseous species.


  1. Find Δng\Delta n_gΔng​ from the given reaction

The reaction is written as: NH2CN(s)+32O2(g)→N2(g)+O2(g)+H2O(l)NH_2CN_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)} \to N_{2(g)} + O_{2(g)} + H_2O_{(l)}NH2​CN(s)​+23​O2(g)​→N2(g)​+O2(g)​+H2​O(l)​

Count gaseous moles:

  • Reactant gases = 32\frac{3}{2}23​
  • Product gases = 1+1=21 + 1 = 21+1=2

So, Δng=2−32=12\Delta n_g = 2 - \frac{3}{2} = \frac{1}{2}Δng​=2−23​=21​


  1. Calculate ΔngRT\Delta n_g RTΔng​RT

ΔngRT=12×0.008314×298\Delta n_g RT = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.008314 \times 298Δng​RT=21​×0.008314×298

=12×2.477572= \frac{1}{2} \times 2.477572=21​×2.477572

=1.238786 kJ mol−1= 1.238786\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}=1.238786 kJ mol−1


  1. Calculate ΔH\Delta HΔH

ΔH=−742.24+1.238786\Delta H = -742.24 + 1.238786ΔH=−742.24+1.238786

ΔH=−741.001214 kJ mol−1\Delta H = -741.001214\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}ΔH=−741.001214 kJ mol−1

Thus, the magnitude is ∣ΔH∣=741.001214 kJ mol−1|\Delta H| = 741.001214\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}∣ΔH∣=741.001214 kJ mol−1

Rounded to nearest integer: 741\boxed{741}741​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 741741741

Our derived answer also gives 741741741, so they agree.

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