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Thermodynamics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q7
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  5. /2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q7

Thermodynamics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q7

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
During which of the following processes, does entropy decrease? (A) Freezing of water to ice at 0 ∘^\circ∘ C (B) Freezing of water to ice at −-− 10 ∘^\circ∘ C (C) N2N_2N2​(g) + 3H2H_2H2​(g) →\to→ 2NH3NH_3NH3​(g) (D) Adsorption of COCOCO(g) on lead surface. (E) Dissolution of NaClNaClNaCl in water Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
  1. A
    (A), (C) and (E) only
  2. B
    (B) and (C) only
  3. C
    (A), (B), (C) and (D) only
  4. D
    (A) and (E) only
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. We need to identify processes in which entropy decreases.

Entropy, SSS, generally decreases when:

  • disorder decreases,
  • gas moles decrease,
  • particles become more ordered,
  • molecules get fixed on surfaces.

Now evaluate each process.


  1. Option (A): Freezing of water to ice at 0∘0^\circ0∘C

H2O(l)→H2O(s)\text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \to \text{H}_2\text{O}(s)H2​O(l)→H2​O(s)

Liquid water becomes solid ice, which is more ordered.

Therefore, ΔS<0\Delta S < 0ΔS<0

So, (A) is a process with decrease in entropy.


  1. Option (B): Freezing of water to ice at −10∘-10^\circ−10∘C

Again, H2O(l)→H2O(s)\text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \to \text{H}_2\text{O}(s)H2​O(l)→H2​O(s)

Freezing always converts a less ordered liquid into a more ordered solid, so system entropy decreases.

Hence, ΔS<0\Delta S < 0ΔS<0

So, (B) also shows decrease in entropy.


  1. Option (C):

N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g)\text{N}_2(g) + 3\text{H}_2(g) \to 2\text{NH}_3(g)N2​(g)+3H2​(g)→2NH3​(g)

Reactant gas moles =4= 4=4 moles of gas. Product gas moles =2= 2=2 moles of gas.

Decrease in number of gaseous molecules means less randomness.

Thus, ΔS<0\Delta S < 0ΔS<0

So, (C) is correct.


  1. Option (D): Adsorption of CO(g)CO(g)CO(g) on lead surface

In adsorption, gas molecules lose freedom of motion and become attached to a surface. This increases order and decreases randomness.

Therefore, ΔS<0\Delta S < 0ΔS<0

So, (D) is also a process with decrease in entropy.


  1. Option (E): Dissolution of NaClNaClNaCl in water

NaCl(s)→Na+(aq)+Cl−(aq)\text{NaCl}(s) \to \text{Na}^+(aq) + \text{Cl}^-(aq)NaCl(s)→Na+(aq)+Cl−(aq)

Dissolution usually increases disorder because the ionic crystal breaks into solvated ions. Hence entropy generally increases.

Therefore, ΔS>0\Delta S > 0ΔS>0

So, (E) does not correspond to decrease in entropy.


  1. Collecting correct statements

Processes with entropy decrease are:

  • (A)
  • (B)
  • (C)
  • (D)

Thus the correct option is:

C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

which corresponds to (A), (B), (C) and (D) only.

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