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Structure of Atom question

2019 · 9 Jan · Shift 2 · Q16
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Structure of Atom question

2019 · 9 Jan · Shift 2 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following combination of statements is true regarding the interpretation of the atomic orbitals ? (a) An electron in an orbital of high angular momentum stays away from the nucleus than an electron in the orbital of lower angular momentum. (b) For a given value of the principal quantum number, the size of the orbit is inversely proportional to the azimuthal quantum number. (c) According to wave mechanics, the ground state angular momentum is equal to h2π{h \over {2\pi }}2πh​. (d) The plot of ψ\psiψ vs r for various azimuthal quantum numbers, shows peak shifting towards higher r value.
  1. A
    (a), (b)
  2. B
    (a), (d)
  3. C
    (b), (c)
  4. D
    (a), (c)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Check statement (a)

For a given principal quantum number nnn, orbitals with higher azimuthal quantum number lll generally have electron density farther from the nucleus compared to lower lll orbitals.

Example: for the same shell, s<p<d<fs < p < d < fs<p<d<f in penetration, so higher lll means less penetration and the electron tends to stay farther away.

So, (a) is true.


  1. Check statement (b)

The statement says:

For a given value of principal quantum number, the size of the orbit is inversely proportional to the azimuthal quantum number.

This is not correct. In wave mechanics, electrons are described by orbitals, not fixed orbits. Also, orbital size is not simply inversely proportional to lll.

So, (b) is false.


  1. Check statement (c)

According to wave mechanics, orbital angular momentum is given by

L=l(l+1) h2πL = \sqrt{l(l+1)}\,\frac{h}{2\pi}L=l(l+1)​2πh​

For the ground state of hydrogen, the electron is in the 1s1s1s orbital, so l=0l=0l=0. Thus,

L=0(0+1) h2π=0L = \sqrt{0(0+1)}\,\frac{h}{2\pi}=0L=0(0+1)​2πh​=0

So ground state angular momentum is not h2π\dfrac{h}{2\pi}2πh​.

Hence, (c) is false.


  1. Check statement (d)

For plots of wavefunction ψ\psiψ versus radial distance rrr for different azimuthal quantum numbers, the maxima shift toward larger rrr as lll increases (for a given nnn). This reflects that higher-lll orbitals are more concentrated farther from the nucleus.

So, (d) is true.


  1. Select the correct combination

True statements are:

(a),(d)(a), (d)(a),(d)

Therefore, the correct option is:

B\boxed{\text{B}}B​

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