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Structure of Atom question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q3
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Structure of Atom question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q3

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1
If p is the momentum of the fastest electron ejected from a metal surface after the irradiation of light having wavelength λ\lambdaλ, then for 1.5 p momentum of the photoelectron, the wavelength of the light should be: (Assume kinetic energy of ejected photoelectron to be very high in comparison to work function)
  1. A
    1/2 λ\lambdaλ
  2. B
    3/4 λ\lambdaλ
  3. C
    4/9 λ\lambdaλ
  4. D
    2/3 λ\lambdaλ
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Use Einstein’s photoelectric equation

    For the fastest emitted electron, Kextmax=hν−ϕK_{ ext{max}} = h\nu - \phiKextmax​=hν−ϕ where ϕ\phiϕ is the work function.

    Given in the question that the kinetic energy is very high compared to the work function, we take Kmax≈hν=hcλK_{\text{max}} \approx h\nu = \frac{hc}{\lambda}Kmax​≈hν=λhc​

  2. Relate kinetic energy to momentum

    For a non-relativistic electron, K=p22mK = \frac{p^2}{2m}K=2mp2​

    Hence, p22m∝1λ\frac{p^2}{2m} \propto \frac{1}{\lambda}2mp2​∝λ1​

    So, p2∝1λp^2 \propto \frac{1}{\lambda}p2∝λ1​ and therefore p∝1λp \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\lambda}}p∝λ​1​

  3. Compare two cases

    Let the initial wavelength be λ\lambdaλ and corresponding momentum be ppp.

    For the new case, momentum is 1.5p=3p21.5p = \frac{3p}{2}1.5p=23p​.

    Using p2∝1λp^2 \propto \frac{1}{\lambda}p2∝λ1​

    we get p22p12=λ1λ2\frac{p_2^2}{p_1^2} = \frac{\lambda_1}{\lambda_2}p12​p22​​=λ2​λ1​​

    Substituting p2=1.5p1p_2 = 1.5p_1p2​=1.5p1​, (p2p1)2=λ1λ2\left(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\right)^2 = \frac{\lambda_1}{\lambda_2}(p1​p2​​)2=λ2​λ1​​ (32)2=λλ2\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{\lambda}{\lambda_2}(23​)2=λ2​λ​ 94=λλ2\frac{9}{4} = \frac{\lambda}{\lambda_2}49​=λ2​λ​

    Therefore, λ2=49λ\lambda_2 = \frac{4}{9}\lambdaλ2​=94​λ

  4. Match with options

    λ2=49λ\boxed{\lambda_2 = \frac{4}{9}\lambda}λ2​=94​λ​

    So the correct option is C.

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