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Solutions question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24
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  5. /2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24

Solutions question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24

JEE MainChemistrySolutionsNumerical+4 / −1
Considering acetic acid dissociates in water, its dissociation constant is 6.25×10−56.25 \times 10^{-5}6.25×10−5. If 5 mL5 \mathrm{~mL}5 mL of acetic acid is dissolved in 1 litre water, the solution will freeze at −x×10−2∘C-x \times 10^{-2}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}−x×10−2∘C, provided pure water freezes at 0∘C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}0∘C. x=x=x=‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Nearest integer) Given :(Kf)water =1.86 K kg mol−1 density of acetic acid is 1.2 g mol−1.  molar mass of water =18 g mol−1.  molar mass of acetic acid= 60 g mol−1.  density of water =1 g cm−3\begin{aligned} \text{Given :} \quad & \left(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)_{\text {water }}=1.86 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}-1 \\ & \text { density of acetic acid is } 1.2 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \text {. } \\ & \text { molar mass of water }=18 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \text {. } \\ & \text { molar mass of acetic acid= } 60 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \text {. } \\ & \text { density of water }=1 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3} \end{aligned}Given :​(Kf​)water ​=1.86 K kg mol−1 density of acetic acid is 1.2 g mol−1.  molar mass of water =18 g mol−1.  molar mass of acetic acid= 60 g mol−1.  density of water =1 g cm−3​ Acetic acid dissociates as CH3COOH⇌CH3COO⊖+H⊕\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COO}^{\ominus}+\mathrm{H}^{\oplus}CH3​COOH⇌CH3​COO⊖+H⊕
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 19

  1. Find moles of acetic acid added

Given:

  • Volume of acetic acid =5 mL=5\,\text{mL}=5mL
  • Density of acetic acid =1.2 g mL−1=1.2\,\text{g mL}^{-1}=1.2g mL−1

So, mass of acetic acid: m=5×1.2=6 gm=5\times 1.2=6\,\text{g}m=5×1.2=6g

Moles of acetic acid: n=660=0.1 moln=\frac{6}{60}=0.1\,\text{mol}n=606​=0.1mol


  1. Volume and mass of water (solvent)

Given 111 litre water. Since density of water =1 g cm−3=1\,\text{g cm}^{-3}=1g cm−3, 1 L=1000 mL=1000 g=1 kg1\,\text{L}=1000\,\text{mL}=1000\,\text{g}=1\,\text{kg}1L=1000mL=1000g=1kg

Thus mass of solvent =1 kg=1\,\text{kg}=1kg.


  1. Initial concentration of acetic acid

Since total volume is approximately 1 L1\,\text{L}1L, the molarity is C≈0.11=0.1 MC\approx \frac{0.1}{1}=0.1\,\text{M}C≈10.1​=0.1M

For dissociation: CH3COOH⇌CH3COO−+H+\mathrm{CH_3COOH} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH_3COO^-}+\mathrm{H^+}CH3​COOH⇌CH3​COO−+H+

Let degree of dissociation be α\alphaα. Then, Ka=Cα21−αK_a=\frac{C\alpha^2}{1-\alpha}Ka​=1−αCα2​

Given: Ka=6.25×10−5,C=0.1K_a=6.25\times 10^{-5},\quad C=0.1Ka​=6.25×10−5,C=0.1

Since acetic acid is weak, α≪1\alpha\ll 1α≪1, so 1−α≈11-\alpha\approx 11−α≈1. Hence, Ka≈Cα2K_a\approx C\alpha^2Ka​≈Cα2

So, α=KaC=6.25×10−50.1\alpha=\sqrt{\frac{K_a}{C}}=\sqrt{\frac{6.25\times 10^{-5}}{0.1}}α=CKa​​​=0.16.25×10−5​​ =6.25×10−4=2.5×10−2=0.025=\sqrt{6.25\times 10^{-4}}=2.5\times 10^{-2}=0.025=6.25×10−4​=2.5×10−2=0.025


  1. Van’t Hoff factor

Acetic acid gives 222 particles on dissociation, so i=1+α=1.025i=1+\alpha=1.025i=1+α=1.025


  1. Molality of solution

Moles of solute =0.1=0.1=0.1 mol, mass of solvent =1=1=1 kg, m=0.11=0.1 mol kg−1m=\frac{0.1}{1}=0.1\,\text{mol kg}^{-1}m=10.1​=0.1mol kg−1


  1. Depression in freezing point

ΔTf=iKfm\Delta T_f=iK_f mΔTf​=iKf​m

Substitute values: ΔTf=1.025×1.86×0.1\Delta T_f=1.025\times 1.86\times 0.1ΔTf​=1.025×1.86×0.1 =0.19065 K=0.19065\,\text{K}=0.19065K

Thus freezing point is lowered by about 0.19065∘C=19.065×10−2 ∘C0.19065^\circ\text{C}=19.065\times 10^{-2}\,^\circ\text{C}0.19065∘C=19.065×10−2∘C

So, x≈19x\approx 19x≈19


  1. Final answer

The solution freezes at −19×10−2 ∘C-19\times 10^{-2}\,^\circ\text{C}−19×10−2∘C so the required integer is 19\boxed{19}19​

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