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Solutions question

2022 · 29 Jul · Shift 2 · Q17
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Solutions question

2022 · 29 Jul · Shift 2 · Q17

JEE MainChemistrySolutionsNumerical+4 / −1
1.80 g1.80 \mathrm{~g}1.80 g of solute A was dissolved in 62.5 cm362.5 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}62.5 cm3 of ethanol and freezing point of the solution was found to be 155.1 K155.1 \mathrm{~K}155.1 K. The molar mass of solute A is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ g mol−1\mathrm{mol}^{-1}mol−1. [Given : Freezing point of ethanol is 156.0 K. Density of ethanol is 0.80 g cm −-− 3. Freezing point depression constant of ethanol is 2.00 K kg mol −-− 1]
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 80

  1. Use freezing point depression relation

The depression in freezing point is

ΔTf=Tf∘−Tf\Delta T_f = T_f^\circ - T_fΔTf​=Tf∘​−Tf​

Given:

Tf∘=156.0 K,Tf=155.1 KT_f^\circ = 156.0\,\text{K}, \qquad T_f = 155.1\,\text{K}Tf∘​=156.0K,Tf​=155.1K

So,

ΔTf=156.0−155.1=0.9 K\Delta T_f = 156.0 - 155.1 = 0.9\,\text{K}ΔTf​=156.0−155.1=0.9K

  1. Find molality of the solution

Using

ΔTf=Kfm\Delta T_f = K_f mΔTf​=Kf​m

Given Kf=2.00 K kg mol−1K_f = 2.00\,\text{K kg mol}^{-1}Kf​=2.00K kg mol−1,

m=ΔTfKf=0.92.00=0.45 mol kg−1m = \frac{\Delta T_f}{K_f} = \frac{0.9}{2.00} = 0.45\,\text{mol kg}^{-1}m=Kf​ΔTf​​=2.000.9​=0.45mol kg−1

  1. Calculate mass of ethanol (solvent)

Volume of ethanol =62.5 cm3= 62.5\,\text{cm}^3=62.5cm3

Density of ethanol =0.80 g cm−3= 0.80\,\text{g cm}^{-3}=0.80g cm−3

mass of ethanol=62.5×0.80=50.0 g\text{mass of ethanol} = 62.5 \times 0.80 = 50.0\,\text{g}mass of ethanol=62.5×0.80=50.0g

Convert into kg:

50.0 g=0.0500 kg50.0\,\text{g} = 0.0500\,\text{kg}50.0g=0.0500kg

  1. Calculate moles of solute

Molality is defined as

m=moles of solutekg of solventm = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{kg of solvent}}m=kg of solventmoles of solute​

So,

moles of solute=m×kg of solvent=0.45×0.0500=0.0225 mol\text{moles of solute} = m \times \text{kg of solvent} = 0.45 \times 0.0500 = 0.0225\,\text{mol}moles of solute=m×kg of solvent=0.45×0.0500=0.0225mol

  1. Calculate molar mass of solute A

Given mass of solute =1.80 g= 1.80\,\text{g}=1.80g

M=massmoles=1.800.0225=80 g mol−1M = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{moles}} = \frac{1.80}{0.0225} = 80\,\text{g mol}^{-1}M=molesmass​=0.02251.80​=80g mol−1

  1. Final answer

80\boxed{80}80​

g mol−1\text{mol}^{-1}mol−1

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