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Salt Analysis question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 1 · Q13
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Salt Analysis question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 1 · Q13

JEE MainChemistrySalt AnalysisMCQ+4 / −1

Match the List-I with List-II :

List-I
Cations		 List-II
Group reagents
A. Pb2+,Cu2+\mathrm{Pb^{2+},Cu^{2+}}Pb2+,Cu2+ i) H2S\mathrm{H_2S}H2​S gas in presence of dilute HCl
B. Al3+,Fe3+\mathrm{Al^{3+},Fe^{3+}}Al3+,Fe3+ ii) (NH4)2CO3\mathrm{(NH_4)_2CO_3}(NH4​)2​CO3​ in presence of NH4OH\mathrm{NH_4OH}NH4​OH
C. Co2+,Ni2+\mathrm{Co^{2+},Ni^{2+}}Co2+,Ni2+ iii) NH4OH\mathrm{NH_4OH}NH4​OH in presence of NH4Cl\mathrm{NH_4Cl}NH4​Cl
D. Ba2+,Ca2+\mathrm{Ba^{2+},Ca^{2+}}Ba2+,Ca2+ iv) H2S in presence of NH4OH

Correct match is -

  1. A
    A →\to→ i, B →\to→ iii, C →\to→ iv, D →\to→ ii
  2. B
    A →\to→ i, B →\to→ iii, C →\to→ ii, D →\to→ iv
  3. C
    A →\to→ iii, B →\to→ i, C →\to→ iv, D →\to→ ii
  4. D
    A →\to→ iv, B →\to→ ii, C →\to→ iii, D →\to→ i
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Recall the classical qualitative analysis groups of cations

    In salt analysis, cations are separated by specific group reagents:

    • Group II: Cations precipitated by H2S\mathrm{H_2S}H2​S in dilute HCl medium.
    • Group III: Cations precipitated by NH4OH\mathrm{NH_4OH}NH4​OH in presence of NH4Cl\mathrm{NH_4Cl}NH4​Cl.
    • Group IV: Cations precipitated by H2S\mathrm{H_2S}H2​S in ammoniacal medium (NH4OH)\left(\mathrm{NH_4OH}\right)(NH4​OH).
    • Group V: Cations precipitated by (NH4)2CO3\mathrm{(NH_4)_2CO_3}(NH4​)2​CO3​ in presence of NH4OH\mathrm{NH_4OH}NH4​OH.

  2. Match each pair of cations

    A. Pb2+,Cu2+\mathrm{Pb^{2+}, Cu^{2+}}Pb2+,Cu2+

    These are Group II cations. They are precipitated by: H2S in presence of dilute HCl\mathrm{H_2S} \text{ in presence of dilute } \mathrm{HCl}H2​S in presence of dilute HCl So, A→iA \to iA→i

    B. Al3+,Fe3+\mathrm{Al^{3+}, Fe^{3+}}Al3+,Fe3+

    These are Group III cations. They are precipitated by: NH4OH in presence of NH4Cl\mathrm{NH_4OH} \text{ in presence of } \mathrm{NH_4Cl}NH4​OH in presence of NH4​Cl So, B→iiiB \to iiiB→iii

    C. Co2+,Ni2+\mathrm{Co^{2+}, Ni^{2+}}Co2+,Ni2+

    These are Group IV cations. They are precipitated by: H2S in presence of NH4OH\mathrm{H_2S} \text{ in presence of } \mathrm{NH_4OH}H2​S in presence of NH4​OH So, C→ivC \to ivC→iv

    D. Ba2+,Ca2+\mathrm{Ba^{2+}, Ca^{2+}}Ba2+,Ca2+

    These are Group V cations. They are precipitated by: (NH4)2CO3 in presence of NH4OH\mathrm{(NH_4)_2CO_3} \text{ in presence of } \mathrm{NH_4OH}(NH4​)2​CO3​ in presence of NH4​OH So, D→iiD \to iiD→ii

  3. Final matching

    A→i,B→iii,C→iv,D→iiA \to i,\quad B \to iii,\quad C \to iv,\quad D \to iiA→i,B→iii,C→iv,D→ii

  4. Check with options

    This corresponds to Option A.

  5. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer = A

    Our derived answer = A

    Hence, both agree.

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