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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q6
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q6

JEE MainChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityMCQ+4 / −1
Which one of the following elements will remain as liquid inside pure boiling water?
  1. A
    Li
  2. B
    Br
  3. C
    Cs
  4. D
    Ga
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We need the element that remains liquid inside pure boiling water.

  2. Pure boiling water is at approximately 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C (at 1 atm).

  3. For a substance to remain liquid at 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C, its melting point must be below 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C and its boiling point must be above 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C.

  4. Check each option:

    A: Li (Lithium)

    • Melting point ≈180.5∘C\approx 180.5^\circ\text{C}≈180.5∘C
    • Since 100∘C<180.5∘C100^\circ\text{C} < 180.5^\circ\text{C}100∘C<180.5∘C, lithium is still solid.
    • So, not liquid.

    B: Br (Bromine)

    • Melting point ≈−7.2∘C\approx -7.2^\circ\text{C}≈−7.2∘C
    • Boiling point ≈58.8∘C\approx 58.8^\circ\text{C}≈58.8∘C
    • Since 100∘C>58.8∘C100^\circ\text{C} > 58.8^\circ\text{C}100∘C>58.8∘C, bromine would be gas/vapour, not liquid.
    • So, not liquid.

    C: Cs (Caesium)

    • Melting point ≈28.5∘C\approx 28.5^\circ\text{C}≈28.5∘C
    • Boiling point ≈671∘C\approx 671^\circ\text{C}≈671∘C
    • Thus at 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C, cesium is liquid.

    D: Ga (Gallium)

    • Melting point ≈29.8∘C\approx 29.8^\circ\text{C}≈29.8∘C
    • Boiling point ≈2204∘C\approx 2204^\circ\text{C}≈2204∘C
    • Thus at 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C, gallium is also liquid.
  5. Now note the important practical chemistry point: inside pure boiling water, the element should remain liquid without reacting with water.

    • Cs reacts violently with water, so it will not simply remain as a liquid metal in boiling water.
    • Ga does not react with water under these conditions and can remain as a liquid.
  6. Therefore, the correct choice is:

D: Ga\boxed{\text{D: Ga}}D: Ga​

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