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D and F Block Elements question

2019 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q11
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D and F Block Elements question

2019 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q11

JEE MainChemistryD and F Block ElementsMCQ+4 / −1
The correct order of the first ionization enthalpies is :
  1. A
    Ti < Mn < Zn < Ni
  2. B
    Zn < Ni < Mn < Ti
  3. C
    Mn < Ti < Zn < Ni
  4. D
    Ti < Mn < Ni < Zn
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We compare the first ionization enthalpies of the 3d-series elements: Ti, Mn, Ni, and Zn.

  2. General trend across a period:

    • First ionization enthalpy generally increases from left to right due to increasing effective nuclear charge.
    • But in transition metals, the trend is not perfectly regular because of shielding and extra stability of certain electronic configurations.
  3. Electronic configurations:

    • Ti:[Ar] 3d24s2\mathrm{Ti}: [\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^2 4s^2Ti:[Ar]3d24s2
    • Mn:[Ar] 3d54s2\mathrm{Mn}: [\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^5 4s^2Mn:[Ar]3d54s2
    • Ni:[Ar] 3d84s2\mathrm{Ni}: [\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^8 4s^2Ni:[Ar]3d84s2
    • Zn:[Ar] 3d104s2\mathrm{Zn}: [\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^{10}4s^2Zn:[Ar]3d104s2
  4. Relative comparison:

    • Ti\mathrm{Ti}Ti is toward the left, so it has the lowest first ionization enthalpy among these.
    • Mn\mathrm{Mn}Mn has a higher value than Ti because of greater effective nuclear charge and the stability associated with half-filled 3d53d^53d5.
    • Ni\mathrm{Ni}Ni lies further right, so its first ionization enthalpy is higher than Mn.
    • Zn\mathrm{Zn}Zn has a completely filled 3d103d^{10}3d10 subshell and relatively high effective nuclear charge, giving it the highest first ionization enthalpy among these.
  5. Thus, the increasing order is Ti<Mn<Ni<Zn\mathrm{Ti} < \mathrm{Mn} < \mathrm{Ni} < \mathrm{Zn}Ti<Mn<Ni<Zn

  6. Match with options:

    • A: Ti<Mn<Zn<Ni\mathrm{Ti} < \mathrm{Mn} < \mathrm{Zn} < \mathrm{Ni}Ti<Mn<Zn<Ni ❌
    • B: Zn<Ni<Mn<Ti\mathrm{Zn} < \mathrm{Ni} < \mathrm{Mn} < \mathrm{Ti}Zn<Ni<Mn<Ti ❌
    • C: Mn<Ti<Zn<Ni\mathrm{Mn} < \mathrm{Ti} < \mathrm{Zn} < \mathrm{Ni}Mn<Ti<Zn<Ni ❌
    • D: Ti<Mn<Ni<Zn\mathrm{Ti} < \mathrm{Mn} < \mathrm{Ni} < \mathrm{Zn}Ti<Mn<Ni<Zn ✅

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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