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Coordination Compounds question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 2 · Q14
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Coordination Compounds question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 2 · Q14

JEE MainChemistryCoordination CompoundsMCQ+4 / −1
The molecule in which hybrid MOs involve only one d-orbital of the central atom is :
  1. A
    XeF4XeF_4XeF4​
  2. B
    [Ni(CN)4]2–
  3. C
    [CrF6]3–
  4. D
    BrF5BrF_5BrF5​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We need the species whose hybrid orbitals use only one ddd-orbital of the central atom.

    Let us examine the hybridization of the central atom in each option.

  2. Option A: XeF4XeF_4XeF4​

    • Shape: square planar
    • Hybridization traditionally assigned: sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2
    • This involves two ddd-orbitals.

    So, XeF4XeF_4XeF4​ does not satisfy the condition.

  3. Option B: [Ni(CN)4]2−[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}[Ni(CN)4​]2−

    • Oxidation state of Ni: \Rightarrow x = +2$$
    • So Ni is Ni2+Ni^{2+}Ni2+ with configuration: [Ar]3d8[Ar]3d^8[Ar]3d8
    • CN−CN^-CN− is a strong field ligand, so electrons pair up.
    • For square planar complex, hybridization is: dsp2dsp^2dsp2
    • This uses one ddd-orbital, one sss, and two ppp orbitals.

    Hence, this option does satisfy the condition.

  4. Option C: [CrF6]3−[CrF_6]^{3-}[CrF6​]3−

    • Oxidation state of Cr: \Rightarrow x = +3$$
    • So Cr is Cr3+Cr^{3+}Cr3+ with configuration: [Ar]3d3[Ar]3d^3[Ar]3d3
    • F−F^-F− is a weak field ligand.
    • Octahedral complex formed with outer orbital hybridization: sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2
    • This uses two ddd-orbitals.

    So, this option does not satisfy the condition.

  5. Option D: BrF5BrF_5BrF5​

    • Shape: square pyramidal
    • Hybridization traditionally assigned: sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2
    • This involves two ddd-orbitals.

    So, this option does not satisfy the condition.

  6. Conclusion

    Only [Ni(CN)4]2−[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}[Ni(CN)4​]2− has hybridization dsp2dsp^2dsp2, involving exactly one ddd-orbital of the central atom.

[Ni(CN)4]2−\boxed{[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}}[Ni(CN)4​]2−​

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