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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q16
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNumerical+4 / −1
The number of following factors which affect the percent covalent character of the ionic bond is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ (A) Polarising power of cation (B) Extent of distortion of anion (C) Polarisability of the anion (D) Polarising power of anion
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 3

  1. Concept used: Fajans’ rule

    The percent covalent character in an ionic bond depends on how much the cation can polarise the anion and how easily the anion gets polarised.

    According to Fajans’ rule, covalent character increases when:

    • the cation has high polarising power,
    • the anion has high polarisability,
    • hence the anion gets distorted more strongly.

  2. Check each factor

    (A) Polarising power of cation

    • A small, highly charged cation can distort the electron cloud of the anion.
    • Greater distortion means greater covalent character.
    • So, (A) affects percent covalent character.

    (B) Extent of distortion of anion

    • More distortion of the anion electron cloud means more sharing-like character in the bond.
    • So, (B) affects percent covalent character.

    (C) Polarisability of the anion

    • A large anion with a diffuse electron cloud is easily distorted.
    • Greater polarisability increases covalent character.
    • So, (C) affects percent covalent character.

    (D) Polarising power of anion

    • In Fajans’ rule, the important term is polarisability of anion, not its polarising power.
    • The anion is the species being polarised; its own polarising power is not taken as the relevant factor for increasing covalent character of an ionic bond.
    • So, (D) is not counted.

  3. Total number of correct factors

    Correct factors are: A, B, CA,\ B,\ CA, B, C

    Therefore, the number of factors is: 333

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