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Biomolecules question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 1 · Q21
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Biomolecules question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 1 · Q21

JEE MainChemistryBiomoleculesMCQ+4 / −1
What are the functional groups present in the structure of maltose?
  1. A
    One acetal and one ketal
  2. B
    One ketal and one hemiketal
  3. C
    Two acetals
  4. D
    One acetal and one hemiacetal
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Recall the structure of maltose

    Maltose is a disaccharide formed by two glucose units joined through an α(1→4)\alpha(1\to 4)α(1→4) glycosidic bond.

    So, one glucose unit uses its anomeric carbon to form the glycosidic linkage, while the other glucose unit still has a free anomeric carbon.

  2. Identify the functional group at the glycosidic carbon

    In cyclic sugars:

    • A carbon attached to two alkoxy groups (−OR)( -OR )(−OR) is an acetal (if derived from an aldehyde).
    • A carbon attached to one alkoxy and one hydroxyl is a hemiacetal.

    Since glucose is an aldose, its cyclic form gives hemiacetal/acetal terminology, not hemiketal/ketal.

  3. Apply this to maltose

    • The first glucose unit has its anomeric carbon involved in the glycosidic bond. Hence that carbon becomes an acetal.
    • The second glucose unit has a free anomeric carbon. Hence that carbon remains a hemiacetal.
  4. Check the options

    • A: One acetal and one ketal →\rightarrow→ incorrect, because glucose is an aldose, not a ketose.
    • B: One ketal and one hemiketal →\rightarrow→ incorrect for the same reason.
    • C: Two acetals →\rightarrow→ incorrect, because one anomeric carbon is still free.
    • D: One acetal and one hemiacetal →\rightarrow→ correct.
  5. Final answer

    Maltose contains: One acetal and one hemiacetal\boxed{\text{One acetal and one hemiacetal}}One acetal and one hemiacetal​

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