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Laws of Motion question

2025 · Shift 2 · Q47
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Laws of Motion question

2025 · Shift 2 · Q47

JEE AdvancedPhysicsLaws of MotionNumerical+4 / −1
A projectile of mass 200 g is launched in a viscous medium at an angle 60∘60^{\circ}60∘ with the horizontal, with an initial velocity of 270 m/s270 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}270 m/s. It experiences a viscous drag force F⃗=−cv⃗\vec{F}=-c \vec{v}F=−cv where the drag coefficient c=0.1 kg/sc=0.1 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{s}c=0.1 kg/s and v⃗\vec{v}v is the instantaneous velocity of the projectile. The projectile hits a vertical wall after 2 s . Taking e=2.7e=2.7e=2.7, the horizontal distance of the wall from the point of projection (in m ) is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 167TO171

  1. Given data
  • Mass of projectile: m=200 g=0.2 kgm=200\text{ g}=0.2\text{ kg}m=200 g=0.2 kg
  • Initial speed: u=270 m/su=270\text{ m/s}u=270 m/s
  • Projection angle: 60∘60^\circ60∘
  • Drag force: F⃗=−cv⃗\vec F=-c\vec vF=−cv, with c=0.1 kg/sc=0.1\text{ kg/s}c=0.1 kg/s
  • Time to hit wall: t=2 st=2\text{ s}t=2 s
  • Take e=2.7e=2.7e=2.7

We need the horizontal distance of the wall.


  1. Horizontal motion equation

Since drag is proportional to velocity, along the horizontal direction:

mdvxdt=−cvxm\frac{dv_x}{dt}=-cv_xmdtdvx​​=−cvx​

So,

dvxdt=−cmvx\frac{dv_x}{dt}=-\frac{c}{m}v_xdtdvx​​=−mc​vx​

This gives

vx(t)=uxe−ct/mv_x(t)=u_x e^{-ct/m}vx​(t)=ux​e−ct/m

where

ux=ucos⁡60∘=270⋅12=135 m/su_x=u\cos 60^\circ=270\cdot \frac12=135\text{ m/s}ux​=ucos60∘=270⋅21​=135 m/s

Now,

cm=0.10.2=0.5 s−1\frac{c}{m}=\frac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\ \text{s}^{-1}mc​=0.20.1​=0.5 s−1

Hence,

vx(t)=135e−0.5tv_x(t)=135e^{-0.5t}vx​(t)=135e−0.5t


  1. Horizontal displacement

Horizontal position is

x(t)=∫0tvx dt=∫0t135e−0.5t dtx(t)=\int_0^t v_x\,dt=\int_0^t 135e^{-0.5t}\,dtx(t)=∫0t​vx​dt=∫0t​135e−0.5tdt

Using

∫e−0.5tdt=−2e−0.5t\int e^{-0.5t}dt=-2e^{-0.5t}∫e−0.5tdt=−2e−0.5t

we get

x(t)=135[1−e−0.5t0.5]x(t)=135\left[\frac{1-e^{-0.5t}}{0.5}\right]x(t)=135[0.51−e−0.5t​]

x(t)=270(1−e−0.5t)x(t)=270\left(1-e^{-0.5t}\right)x(t)=270(1−e−0.5t)

At t=2 st=2\text{ s}t=2 s,

x(2)=270(1−e−1)x(2)=270(1-e^{-1})x(2)=270(1−e−1)

Given e=2.7e=2.7e=2.7, we use

e−1=12.7e^{-1}=\frac{1}{2.7}e−1=2.71​

Therefore,

x(2)=270(1−12.7)x(2)=270\left(1-\frac{1}{2.7}\right)x(2)=270(1−2.71​)

x(2)=270(1.72.7)x(2)=270\left(\frac{1.7}{2.7}\right)x(2)=270(2.71.7​)

x(2)=100×1.7=170 mx(2)=100\times 1.7=170\text{ m}x(2)=100×1.7=170 m


  1. Final answer

The horizontal distance of the wall is

170 m\boxed{170\text{ m}}170 m​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: 167 to 171167\text{ to }171167 to 171

Our answer 170170170 lies in this range, so it agrees.

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