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Ellipse question

2012 · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2012 · Shift 1 · Q27

Ellipse question

2012 · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE AdvancedMathematicsEllipseMCQ+3 / −0.75
The ellipse E1:x29+y24=1{E_1}:{{{x^2}} \over 9} + {{{y^2}} \over 4} = 1E1​:9x2​+4y2​=1 is inscribed in a rectangle RRR whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axes. Another ellipse E2{E_2}E2​ passing through the point (0,4)(0, 4)(0,4) circumscribes the rectangle RRR. The eccentricity of the ellipse E2{E_2}E2​ is
  1. A
    22{{\sqrt 2 } \over 2}22​​
  2. B
    32{{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}23​​
  3. C
    12{{1 \over 2}}21​
  4. D
    34{{3 \over 4}}43​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

Step-by-step Solution:

  1. Analyze the given ellipse E₁ and the rectangle R. The equation of the first ellipse is E1:x29+y24=1{E_1}: {{{x^2}} \over 9} + {{{y^2}} \over 4} = 1E1​:9x2​+4y2​=1. This is a standard ellipse centered at the origin (0,0)(0,0)(0,0). The semi-major axis is a=9=3a = \sqrt{9} = 3a=9​=3 (along the x-axis). The semi-minor axis is b=4=2b = \sqrt{4} = 2b=4​=2 (along the y-axis).

    The ellipse E1E_1E1​ is inscribed in a rectangle RRR whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axes. This means the sides of the rectangle are tangent to the ellipse at its vertices. The vertical sides are the lines x=±3x = \pm 3x=±3. The horizontal sides are the lines y=±2y = \pm 2y=±2. Therefore, the vertices of the rectangle RRR are (±3,±2)(\pm 3, \pm 2)(±3,±2). Specifically, the four vertices are (3,2)(3, 2)(3,2), (−3,2)(-3, 2)(−3,2), (−3,−2)(-3, -2)(−3,−2), and (3,−2)(3, -2)(3,−2).

  2. Determine the equation of the second ellipse E₂. The second ellipse E2E_2E2​ circumscribes the rectangle RRR. This means E2E_2E2​ passes through all four vertices of RRR. Since the rectangle is symmetric with respect to both coordinate axes, the circumscribing ellipse E2E_2E2​ must also be centered at the origin. Let the equation of E2E_2E2​ be: x2A2+y2B2=1{{{x^2}} \over {A^2}} + {{{y^2}} \over {B^2}} = 1A2x2​+B2y2​=1

    Since E2E_2E2​ passes through the vertices of RRR, we can pick one vertex, say (3,2)(3, 2)(3,2), and substitute its coordinates into the equation of E2E_2E2​: 32A2+22B2=1{{{3^2}} \over {A^2}} + {{{2^2}} \over {B^2}} = 1A232​+B222​=1 {{9 \over {A^2}} + {{4 \over {B^2}} = 1} \quad \cdots (1)

    We are also given that the ellipse E2E_2E2​ passes through the point (0,4)(0, 4)(0,4). Substituting these coordinates into the equation of E2E_2E2​: 02A2+42B2=1{{{0^2}} \over {A^2}} + {{{4^2}} \over {B^2}} = 1A202​+B242​=1 16B2=1  ⟹  B2=16{{16 \over {B^2}} = 1} \implies {B^2 = 16}B216​=1⟹B2=16

  3. Solve for the parameters of E₂. Now we substitute the value of B2=16B^2 = 16B2=16 back into equation (1): {{9 \over {A^2}} + {{4 \over {16}} = 1} {{9 \over {A^2}} + {{1 \over 4} = 1} 9A2=1−14=34{{9 \over {A^2}} = 1 - {1 \over 4} = {3 \over 4}}A29​=1−41​=43​ A2=9×43=12{A^2 = 9 \times {4 \over 3} = 12}A2=9×34​=12

    So, the equation of the ellipse E2E_2E2​ is: x212+y216=1{{{x^2}} \over {12}} + {{{y^2}} \over {16}} = 112x2​+16y2​=1

  4. Calculate the eccentricity of the ellipse E₂. For the ellipse E2E_2E2​, we have A2=12A^2 = 12A2=12 and B2=16B^2 = 16B2=16. Since B2>A2B^2 > A^2B2>A2, the major axis of the ellipse is along the y-axis. The semi-major axis is b′=16=4b' = \sqrt{16} = 4b′=16​=4. The semi-minor axis is a′=12=23a' = \sqrt{12} = 2\sqrt{3}a′=12​=23​.

    The eccentricity eee is given by the formula e=1−(semi-minor axis)2(semi-major axis)2e = \sqrt{1 - \frac{{\text{(semi-minor axis)}^2}}{{(\text{semi-major axis)}^2}}}e=1−(semi-major axis)2(semi-minor axis)2​​. In our case, this is e=1−A2B2e = \sqrt{1 - \frac{A^2}{B^2}}e=1−B2A2​​. e=1−1216=1−34=14e = \sqrt{1 - {{12} \over {16}}} = \sqrt{1 - {3 \over 4}} = \sqrt{{1 \over 4}}e=1−1612​​=1−43​​=41​​ e=12e = {1 \over 2}e=21​

    The eccentricity of the ellipse E2E_2E2​ is 1/21/21/2.

  5. Conclusion. Comparing our result with the given options: A: 22≈0.707{{\sqrt 2 } \over 2} \approx 0.70722​​≈0.707 B: 32≈0.866{{\sqrt 3 } \over 2} \approx 0.86623​​≈0.866 C: 12=0.5{{1 \over 2}} = 0.521​=0.5 D: 34=0.75{{3 \over 4}} = 0.7543​=0.75

    Our calculated eccentricity matches option C.

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