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Ellipse question

2010 · Shift 2 · Q28
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Ellipse question

2010 · Shift 2 · Q28

JEE AdvancedMathematicsEllipseMCQ+4 / −1
Tangents are drawn from the point P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4) to the ellipse x29+y24=1{{{x^2}} \over 9} + {{{y^2}} \over 4} = 19x2​+4y2​=1 touching the ellipse at points AAA and BBB. The orthocentre of the triangle PABPABPAB is
  1. A
    (5,87)\left( {5,{8 \over 7}} \right)(5,78​)
  2. B
    (75,258)\left( {{7 \over 5},{{25} \over 8}} \right)(57​,825​)
  3. C
    (115,85)\left( {{11 \over 5},{{8} \over 5}} \right)(511​,58​)
  4. D
    (825,75)\left( {{8 \over 25},{{7} \over 5}} \right)(258​,57​)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

Step-by-step Solution:

  1. Identify the Ellipse and the External Point The equation of the ellipse is given by x29+y24=1{{{x^2}} \over 9} + {{{y^2}} \over 4} = 19x2​+4y2​=1. Here, a2=9a^2 = 9a2=9 and b2=4b^2 = 4b2=4. The external point is P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4). Tangents are drawn from PPP to the ellipse, touching it at points AAA and BBB.

  2. Find the Equation of the Chord of Contact AB The equation of the chord of contact from an external point (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1)(x1​,y1​) to the ellipse x2a2+y2b2=1{{{x^2}} \over {a^2}} + {{{y^2}} \over {b^2}} = 1a2x2​+b2y2​=1 is given by the formula T=0T=0T=0, which is xx1a2+yy1b2=1{{{xx_1}} \over {a^2}} + {{{yy_1}} \over {b^2}} = 1a2xx1​​+b2yy1​​=1. For the point P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4), the equation of the chord of contact ABABAB is: x(3)9+y(4)4=1{{x(3)} \over 9} + {{y(4)} \over 4} = 19x(3)​+4y(4)​=1 x3+y=1{x \over 3} + y = 13x​+y=1 x+3y=3x + 3y = 3x+3y=3

  3. Find the Coordinates of the Points of Contact A and B To find the coordinates of AAA and BBB, we solve the equation of the ellipse and the equation of the chord of contact simultaneously. From the chord equation, we have x=3−3yx = 3 - 3yx=3−3y. Substituting this into the ellipse equation: (3−3y)29+y24=1{{(3 - 3y)^2} \over 9} + {{y^2} \over 4} = 19(3−3y)2​+4y2​=1 9(1−y)29+y24=1{{9(1 - y)^2} \over 9} + {{y^2} \over 4} = 199(1−y)2​+4y2​=1 (1−y)2+y24=1(1 - y)^2 + {{y^2} \over 4} = 1(1−y)2+4y2​=1 1−2y+y2+y24=11 - 2y + y^2 + {{y^2} \over 4} = 11−2y+y2+4y2​=1 −2y+5y24=0-2y + {{5y^2} \over 4} = 0−2y+45y2​=0 y(5y4−2)=0y\left( {{5y \over 4} - 2} \right) = 0y(45y​−2)=0 This gives two possible values for yyy: y=0y = 0y=0 or 5y4=2  ⟹  y=85{5y \over 4} = 2 \implies y = {8 \over 5}45y​=2⟹y=58​.

    Now, we find the corresponding xxx coordinates using x=3−3yx = 3 - 3yx=3−3y:

    • If y=0y = 0y=0, then x=3−3(0)=3x = 3 - 3(0) = 3x=3−3(0)=3. So, point AAA is (3,0)(3, 0)(3,0).
    • If y=85y = {8 \over 5}y=58​, then x=3−3(85)=3−245=15−245=−95x = 3 - 3\left({8 \over 5}\right) = 3 - {{24} \over 5} = {{15 - 24} \over 5} = -{9 \over 5}x=3−3(58​)=3−524​=515−24​=−59​. So, point BBB is (−95,85)\left(-{9 \over 5}, {8 \over 5}\right)(−59​,58​).
  4. Find the Orthocentre of Triangle PAB The vertices of the triangle are P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4), A(3,0)A(3, 0)A(3,0), and B(−95,85)B\left(-{9 \over 5}, {8 \over 5}\right)B(−59​,58​). The orthocentre is the point where the altitudes of the triangle intersect.

    Altitude from B to PA: The side PAPAPA connects points P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4) and A(3,0)A(3, 0)A(3,0). Since the x-coordinates are the same, the line PAPAPA is a vertical line with the equation x=3x = 3x=3. The altitude from vertex BBB to the side PAPAPA must be a horizontal line. The equation of this altitude is y=yBy = y_By=yB​, which is: y=85y = {8 \over 5}y=58​

    Altitude from P to AB: The side ABABAB has the equation x+3y=3x + 3y = 3x+3y=3. The slope of this line is mAB=−13m_{AB} = -{1 \over 3}mAB​=−31​. The altitude from PPP to ABABAB will be perpendicular to ABABAB. The slope of this altitude, maltm_{alt}malt​, is the negative reciprocal of mABm_{AB}mAB​: malt=−1mAB=−1−1/3=3m_{alt} = -{1 \over m_{AB}} = -{1 \over -1/3} = 3malt​=−mAB​1​=−−1/31​=3 This altitude passes through point P(3,4)P(3, 4)P(3,4). Using the point-slope form y−y1=m(x−x1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1)y−y1​=m(x−x1​): y−4=3(x−3)y - 4 = 3(x - 3)y−4=3(x−3) y−4=3x−9y - 4 = 3x - 9y−4=3x−9 3x−y=53x - y = 53x−y=5

  5. Calculate the Intersection of the Altitudes To find the orthocentre, we find the intersection of the two altitudes we found: Altitude 1: y=85y = {8 \over 5}y=58​ Altitude 2: 3x−y=53x - y = 53x−y=5

    Substitute the value of yyy from the first equation into the second equation: 3x−(85)=53x - \left({8 \over 5}\right) = 53x−(58​)=5 3x=5+853x = 5 + {8 \over 5}3x=5+58​ 3x=25+85=3353x = {{25 + 8} \over 5} = {{33} \over 5}3x=525+8​=533​ x=335×3=115x = {{33} \over {5 \times 3}} = {{11} \over 5}x=5×333​=511​

    So, the coordinates of the orthocentre are (115,85)\left({{11} \over 5}, {8 \over 5}\right)(511​,58​).

  6. Conclusion The orthocentre of the triangle PABPABPAB is (115,85)\left({{11} \over 5}, {8 \over 5}\right)(511​,58​). This matches option C.

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