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Ellipse question

2009 · Shift 2 · Q34
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Ellipse question

2009 · Shift 2 · Q34

JEE AdvancedMathematicsEllipseMCQ+3 / −1
The normal at a point PPP on the ellipse x2+4y2=16{x^2} + 4{y^2} = 16x2+4y2=16 meets the xxx- axis QQQ. If MMM is the mid point of the line segment PQPQPQ, then the locus of MMM intersects the latus rectums of the given ellipse at the points
  1. A
    (±352, ±27)\left( { \pm {{3\sqrt 5 } \over 2},\, \pm {2 \over 7}} \right)(±235​​,±72​)
  2. B
    (±352, ±194)\left( { \pm {{3\sqrt 5 } \over 2},\, \pm \sqrt {{{19} \over 4}} } \right)(±235​​,±419​​)
  3. C
    (±23,±17)\left( { \pm 2\sqrt 3 , \pm {1 \over 7}} \right)(±23​,±71​)
  4. D
    (±23,±437)\left( { \pm 2\sqrt 3 , \pm {{4\sqrt 3 } \over 7}} \right)(±23​,±743​​)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Write the ellipse in standard form

Given ellipse: x2+4y2=16x^2+4y^2=16x2+4y2=16 Divide by 161616: x216+y24=1\frac{x^2}{16}+\frac{y^2}{4}=116x2​+4y2​=1 So, a2=16,b2=4,a=4,b=2a^2=16,\quad b^2=4,\quad a=4,\quad b=2a2=16,b2=4,a=4,b=2

Also, c2=a2−b2=16−4=12  ⟹  c=23c^2=a^2-b^2=16-4=12 \implies c=2\sqrt{3}c2=a2−b2=16−4=12⟹c=23​ Hence the latus rectums are the vertical lines: x=±c=±23x=\pm c=\pm 2\sqrt{3}x=±c=±23​


  1. Take a general point on the ellipse

Let P=(x1,y1)P=(x_1,y_1)P=(x1​,y1​) on the ellipse, so x12+4y12=16x_1^2+4y_1^2=16x12​+4y12​=16

Differentiate implicitly: 2x+8ydydx=02x+8y\frac{dy}{dx}=02x+8ydxdy​=0 dydx=−x4y\frac{dy}{dx}=-\frac{x}{4y}dxdy​=−4yx​ So slope of tangent at PPP is mt=−x14y1m_t=-\frac{x_1}{4y_1}mt​=−4y1​x1​​ Therefore slope of normal is mn=4y1x1m_n=\frac{4y_1}{x_1}mn​=x1​4y1​​

Equation of the normal at PPP: y−y1=4y1x1(x−x1)y-y_1=\frac{4y_1}{x_1}(x-x_1)y−y1​=x1​4y1​​(x−x1​)


  1. Find point QQQ where the normal meets the xxx-axis

Since QQQ lies on the xxx-axis, its yyy-coordinate is 000. Put y=0y=0y=0 in the normal equation: −y1=4y1x1(x−x1)-y_1=\frac{4y_1}{x_1}(x-x_1)−y1​=x1​4y1​​(x−x1​) Assuming y1≠0y_1\neq 0y1​=0 (the formula will still lead to the locus correctly), divide by y1y_1y1​: −1=4x1(x−x1)-1=\frac{4}{x_1}(x-x_1)−1=x1​4​(x−x1​) −x1=4x−4x1-x_1=4x-4x_1−x1​=4x−4x1​ 4x=3x14x=3x_14x=3x1​ x=3x14x=\frac{3x_1}{4}x=43x1​​ Thus, Q=(3x14,0)Q=\left(\frac{3x_1}{4},0\right)Q=(43x1​​,0)


  1. Find midpoint MMM of PQPQPQ

If M=(h,k)M=(h,k)M=(h,k) then h=x1+3x142=7x18,k=y1+02=y12h=\frac{x_1+\frac{3x_1}{4}}{2}=\frac{7x_1}{8},\qquad k=\frac{y_1+0}{2}=\frac{y_1}{2}h=2x1​+43x1​​​=87x1​​,k=2y1​+0​=2y1​​ So, x1=8h7,y1=2kx_1=\frac{8h}{7},\qquad y_1=2kx1​=78h​,y1​=2k

Substitute into ellipse equation: x12+4y12=16x_1^2+4y_1^2=16x12​+4y12​=16 (8h7)2+4(2k)2=16\left(\frac{8h}{7}\right)^2+4(2k)^2=16(78h​)2+4(2k)2=16 64h249+16k2=16\frac{64h^2}{49}+16k^2=164964h2​+16k2=16 Divide by 161616: 4h249+k2=1\frac{4h^2}{49}+k^2=1494h2​+k2=1 Thus locus of MMM is 4x249+y2=1\frac{4x^2}{49}+y^2=1494x2​+y2=1


  1. Intersect this locus with the latus rectums of the given ellipse

The latus rectums are: x=±23x=\pm 2\sqrt{3}x=±23​ Substitute in the locus: 4(23)249+y2=1\frac{4(2\sqrt{3})^2}{49}+y^2=1494(23​)2​+y2=1 4⋅1249+y2=1\frac{4\cdot 12}{49}+y^2=1494⋅12​+y2=1 4849+y2=1\frac{48}{49}+y^2=14948​+y2=1 y2=149y^2=\frac{1}{49}y2=491​ y=±17y=\pm \frac{1}{7}y=±71​

Therefore the intersection points are (±23, ±17)\left(\pm 2\sqrt{3},\,\pm \frac{1}{7}\right)(±23​,±71​)


  1. Match with options

This corresponds to Option C: (±23, ±17)\left(\pm 2\sqrt{3},\,\pm \frac{1}{7}\right)(±23​,±71​)

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