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Application of Integration question

2008 · Shift 2 · Q32
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  5. /2008 · Shift 2 · Q32

Application of Integration question

2008 · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE AdvancedMathematicsApplication of IntegrationMCQ+3 / −1
The area of the region between the curves y=1+sin⁡xcos⁡xy = \sqrt {{{1 + \sin x} \over {\cos x}}}y=cosx1+sinx​​ and y=1−sin⁡xcos⁡xy = \sqrt {{{1 - \sin x} \over {\cos x}}}y=cosx1−sinx​​ bounded by the lines x=0x=0x=0 and x=π4x = {\pi \over 4}x=4π​ is
  1. A
    ∫02−1t(1+t2)1−t2dt\int\limits_0^{\sqrt 2 - 1} {{t \over {\left( {1 + {t^2}} \right)\sqrt {1 - {t^2}} }}dt}0∫2​−1​(1+t2)1−t2​t​dt
  2. B
    ∫02−14t(1+t2)1−t2dt\int\limits_0^{\sqrt 2 - 1} {{4t \over {\left( {1 + {t^2}} \right)\sqrt {1 - {t^2}} }}dt}0∫2​−1​(1+t2)1−t2​4t​dt
  3. C
    ∫02+14t(1+t2)1−t2dt\int\limits_0^{\sqrt 2 + 1} {{4t \over {\left( {1 + {t^2}} \right)\sqrt {1 - {t^2}} }}dt}0∫2​+1​(1+t2)1−t2​4t​dt
  4. D
    ∫02+1t(1+t2)1−t2dt\int\limits_0^{\sqrt 2 + 1} {{t \over {\left( {1 + {t^2}} \right)\sqrt {1 - {t^2}} }}dt}0∫2​+1​(1+t2)1−t2​t​dt
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Simplify the two curves

Given y1=1+sin⁡xcos⁡x,y2=1−sin⁡xcos⁡x.y_1=\sqrt{\frac{1+\sin x}{\cos x}},\qquad y_2=\sqrt{\frac{1-\sin x}{\cos x}}.y1​=cosx1+sinx​​,y2​=cosx1−sinx​​.

Use the identity 1+sin⁡xcos⁡x=sec⁡x+tan⁡x,\frac{1+\sin x}{\cos x}=\sec x+\tan x,cosx1+sinx​=secx+tanx, 1−sin⁡xcos⁡x=sec⁡x−tan⁡x.\frac{1-\sin x}{\cos x}=\sec x-\tan x.cosx1−sinx​=secx−tanx.

So, y1=sec⁡x+tan⁡x,y2=sec⁡x−tan⁡x.y_1=\sqrt{\sec x+\tan x},\qquad y_2=\sqrt{\sec x-\tan x}.y1​=secx+tanx​,y2​=secx−tanx​.

Also, (sec⁡x+tan⁡x)(sec⁡x−tan⁡x)=1,(\sec x+\tan x)(\sec x-\tan x)=1,(secx+tanx)(secx−tanx)=1, so y1y2=1  ⟹  y2=1y1.y_1y_2=1 \implies y_2=\frac1{y_1}.y1​y2​=1⟹y2​=y1​1​.

  1. Determine which curve is upper and which is lower

For x∈[0,π/4]x\in[0,\pi/4]x∈[0,π/4], we have sin⁡x≥0\sin x\ge 0sinx≥0, hence 1+sin⁡x≥1−sin⁡x,1+\sin x \ge 1-\sin x,1+sinx≥1−sinx, and since cos⁡x>0\cos x>0cosx>0 on this interval, 1+sin⁡xcos⁡x≥1−sin⁡xcos⁡x.\frac{1+\sin x}{\cos x} \ge \frac{1-\sin x}{\cos x}.cosx1+sinx​≥cosx1−sinx​. Thus y1≥y2.y_1\ge y_2.y1​≥y2​.

Therefore the required area is

  1. Rewrite the integrand conveniently

Let u=sec⁡x+tan⁡x.u=\sqrt{\sec x+\tan x}.u=secx+tanx​. Then y1=u,y2=1u,y_1=u,\qquad y_2=\frac1u,y1​=u,y2​=u1​, so y1−y2=u−1u=u2−1u.y_1-y_2=u-\frac1u=\frac{u^2-1}{u}.y1​−y2​=u−u1​=uu2−1​.

But u2=sec⁡x+tan⁡x=1+sin⁡xcos⁡x.u^2=\sec x+\tan x=\frac{1+\sin x}{\cos x}.u2=secx+tanx=cosx1+sinx​. A better standard substitution is t=tan⁡x2.t=\tan\frac x2.t=tan2x​. Then sin⁡x=2t1+t2,cos⁡x=1−t21+t2,dx=21+t2 dt.\sin x=\frac{2t}{1+t^2},\qquad \cos x=\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2},\qquad dx=\frac{2}{1+t^2}\,dt.sinx=1+t22t​,cosx=1+t21−t2​,dx=1+t22​dt.

Now compute the two curves: 1+sin⁡xcos⁡x=1+2t1+t21−t21+t2=(1+t)21−t2=1+t1−t,\frac{1+\sin x}{\cos x}=\frac{1+\frac{2t}{1+t^2}}{\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2}}=\frac{(1+t)^2}{1-t^2}=\frac{1+t}{1-t},cosx1+sinx​=1+t21−t2​1+1+t22t​​=1−t2(1+t)2​=1−t1+t​, so y1=1+t1−t.y_1=\sqrt{\frac{1+t}{1-t}}.y1​=1−t1+t​​.

Similarly, 1−sin⁡xcos⁡x=1−t1+t,\frac{1-\sin x}{\cos x}=\frac{1-t}{1+t},cosx1−sinx​=1+t1−t​, so y2=1−t1+t.y_2=\sqrt{\frac{1-t}{1+t}}.y2​=1+t1−t​​.

Hence

Take common form: y1−y2=(1+t)−(1−t)1−t2=2t1−t2.y_1-y_2=\frac{(1+t)-(1-t)}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}=\frac{2t}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}.y1​−y2​=1−t2​(1+t)−(1−t)​=1−t2​2t​.

Therefore

=\int \frac{4t}{(1+t^2)\sqrt{1-t^2}}\,dt.$$ 4. **Change the limits** When $x=0$, $$t=\tan 0=0.$$ When $x=\pi/4$, $$t=\tan\frac{\pi}{8}=\sqrt2-1.$$ So the area is $$A=\int_0^{\sqrt2-1}\frac{4t}{(1+t^2)\sqrt{1-t^2}}\,dt.$$ 5. **Match with options** This is exactly **Option B**. Therefore, the correct answer is **B**.
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