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Application of Derivatives question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q32
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  5. /2017 · Shift 2 · Q32

Application of Derivatives question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE AdvancedMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMultiple correct+4 / −2
If f(x)=∣cos⁡2xcos⁡2xsin⁡2x−cos⁡xcos⁡x−sin⁡xsin⁡xsin⁡xcos⁡x∣f(x) = \left| {\begin{matrix} {\cos 2x} & {\cos 2x} & {\sin 2x} \\ { - \cos x} & {\cos x} & { - \sin x} \\ {\sin x} & {\sin x} & {\cos x} \\ \end{matrix} } \right|f(x)=​cos2x−cosxsinx​cos2xcosxsinx​sin2x−sinxcosx​​, then
  1. A
    f(x) attains its minimum at x = 0
  2. B
    f(x) attains its maximum at x = 0
  3. C
    f'(x) = 0 at more than three points in (−π-\pi−π, π\piπ)
  4. D
    f'(x) = 0 at exactly three points in (−π-\pi−π, π\piπ)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B, C

  1. Compute the determinant

Given

f(x)=∣cos⁡2xcos⁡2xsin⁡2x−cos⁡xcos⁡x−sin⁡xsin⁡xsin⁡xcos⁡x∣f(x)=\begin{vmatrix} \cos 2x & \cos 2x & \sin 2x\\ -\cos x & \cos x & -\sin x\\ \sin x & \sin x & \cos x \end{vmatrix}f(x)=​cos2x−cosxsinx​cos2xcosxsinx​sin2x−sinxcosx​​

Let

sin⁡2x=2sc.\quad \sin 2x=2sc.sin2x=2sc.

So

f(x)=∣cos⁡2xcos⁡2xsin⁡2x−cc−sssc∣.f(x)=\begin{vmatrix} \cos 2x & \cos 2x & \sin 2x\\ -c & c & -s\\ s & s & c \end{vmatrix}.f(x)=​cos2x−cs​cos2xcs​sin2x−sc​​.

Expand along the first row:

f(x)=cos⁡2x∣c−ssc∣−cos⁡2x∣−c−ssc∣+sin⁡2x∣−ccss∣.f(x)=\cos 2x\begin{vmatrix}c & -s\\ s & c\end{vmatrix} -\cos 2x\begin{vmatrix}-c & -s\\ s & c\end{vmatrix} +\sin 2x\begin{vmatrix}-c & c\\ s & s\end{vmatrix}.f(x)=cos2x​cs​−sc​​−cos2x​−cs​−sc​​+sin2x​−cs​cs​​.

Now compute each minor:

  • First minor:
∣c−ssc∣=c2+s2=1\begin{vmatrix}c & -s\\ s & c\end{vmatrix}=c^2+s^2=1​cs​−sc​​=c2+s2=1
  • Second minor:
∣−c−ssc∣=(−c)(c)−(−s)(s)=−c2+s2=−(c2−s2)=−cos⁡2x\begin{vmatrix}-c & -s\\ s & c\end{vmatrix}=(-c)(c)-(-s)(s)=-c^2+s^2=-(c^2-s^2)=-\cos 2x​−cs​−sc​​=(−c)(c)−(−s)(s)=−c2+s2=−(c2−s2)=−cos2x
  • Third minor:
∣−ccss∣=(−c)(s)−c(s)=−2cs=−sin⁡2x\begin{vmatrix}-c & c\\ s & s\end{vmatrix}=(-c)(s)-c(s)=-2cs=-\sin 2x​−cs​cs​​=(−c)(s)−c(s)=−2cs=−sin2x

Hence

f(x)=cos⁡2x(1)−cos⁡2x(−cos⁡2x)+sin⁡2x(−sin⁡2x).f(x)=\cos 2x(1)-\cos 2x(-\cos 2x)+\sin 2x(-\sin 2x).f(x)=cos2x(1)−cos2x(−cos2x)+sin2x(−sin2x).

So

f(x)=cos⁡2x+cos⁡22x−sin⁡22x.f(x)=\cos 2x+\cos^2 2x-\sin^2 2x.f(x)=cos2x+cos22x−sin22x.

Using cos⁡2θ−sin⁡2θ=cos⁡2θ,\cos^2\theta-\sin^2\theta=\cos 2\theta,cos2θ−sin2θ=cos2θ, we get

f(x)=cos⁡2x+cos⁡4x.f(x)=\cos 2x+\cos 4x.f(x)=cos2x+cos4x.
  1. Simplify the function

Use

cos⁡4x=2cos⁡22x−1.\cos 4x=2\cos^2 2x-1.cos4x=2cos22x−1.

Then

f(x)=cos⁡2x+2cos⁡22x−1.f(x)=\cos 2x+2\cos^2 2x-1.f(x)=cos2x+2cos22x−1.

Let

Then

f(x)=2t2+t−1.f(x)=2t^2+t-1.f(x)=2t2+t−1.

This is an upward-opening quadratic in ttt.

  1. Find maximum and minimum values

For g(t)=2t2+t−1,g(t)=2t^2+t-1,g(t)=2t2+t−1, its vertex is at

t=−b2a=−14,t=-\frac{b}{2a}=-\frac{1}{4},t=−2ab​=−41​,

which lies in [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1]. So minimum occurs at t=−14t=-\frac14t=−41​:

fmin⁡=2(116)−14−1=18−14−1=−98.f_{\min}=2\left(\frac{1}{16}\right)-\frac14-1=\frac18-\frac14-1=-\frac98.fmin​=2(161​)−41​−1=81​−41​−1=−89​.

Maximum on [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1] occurs at an endpoint:

  • At t=1t=1t=1:
f=2(1)2+1−1=2f=2(1)^2+1-1=2f=2(1)2+1−1=2
  • At t=−1t=-1t=−1:
f=2(1)−1−1=0f=2(1)-1-1=0f=2(1)−1−1=0

So the maximum value is 222, attained when

cos⁡2x=1  ⟺  2x=2nπ  ⟺  x=nπ.\cos 2x=1 \iff 2x=2n\pi \iff x=n\pi.cos2x=1⟺2x=2nπ⟺x=nπ.

In particular, at x=0x=0x=0, f(0)=2,f(0)=2,f(0)=2, which is the maximum.

Therefore:

  • A is false
  • B is true
  1. Find critical points of fff in (−π,π)(-\pi,\pi)(−π,π)

Differentiate:

f(x)=cos⁡2x+cos⁡4xf(x)=\cos 2x+\cos 4xf(x)=cos2x+cos4x

so

f′(x)=−2sin⁡2x−4sin⁡4x.f'(x)=-2\sin 2x-4\sin 4x.f′(x)=−2sin2x−4sin4x.

Using sin⁡4x=2sin⁡2xcos⁡2x,\sin 4x=2\sin 2x\cos 2x,sin4x=2sin2xcos2x, we get

f′(x)=−2sin⁡2x−8sin⁡2xcos⁡2xf'(x)=-2\sin 2x-8\sin 2x\cos 2xf′(x)=−2sin2x−8sin2xcos2x f′(x)=−2sin⁡2x(1+4cos⁡2x).f'(x)=-2\sin 2x(1+4\cos 2x).f′(x)=−2sin2x(1+4cos2x).

Thus

f′(x)=0f'(x)=0f′(x)=0

when either

Case 1: sin⁡2x=0\sin 2x=0sin2x=0

2x=nπ  ⟺  x=nπ2.2x=n\pi \iff x=\frac{n\pi}{2}.2x=nπ⟺x=2nπ​.

In (−π,π)(-\pi,\pi)(−π,π), these are

−π2, 0, π2.-\frac{\pi}{2},\ 0,\ \frac{\pi}{2}.−2π​, 0, 2π​.

Also x=±πx=\pm\pix=±π are excluded.

So this gives 3 points.

Case 2: 1+4cos⁡2x=01+4\cos 2x=01+4cos2x=0

cos⁡2x=−14.\cos 2x=-\frac14.cos2x=−41​.

Let

α=cos⁡−1(−14),α∈(0,π).\alpha=\cos^{-1}\left(-\frac14\right), \quad \alpha\in(0,\pi).α=cos−1(−41​),α∈(0,π).

Then

2x=±α+2kπ.2x=\pm \alpha+2k\pi.2x=±α+2kπ.

Over 2x∈(−2π,2π)2x\in(-2\pi,2\pi)2x∈(−2π,2π), this gives four distinct solutions, hence in x∈(−π,π)x\in(-\pi,\pi)x∈(−π,π) there are 4 points.

So total number of points where f′(x)=0f'(x)=0f′(x)=0 in (−π,π)(-\pi,\pi)(−π,π) is

3+4=7,3+4=7,3+4=7,

which is more than three.

Therefore:

  • C is true
  • D is false
  1. Final selection

The correct options are:

B, C\boxed{B,\ C}B, C​
  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: B, C

This matches our derived answer exactly.

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