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Isolation of Elements question

2011 · Shift 2 · Q1
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Isolation of Elements question

2011 · Shift 2 · Q1

JEE AdvancedChemistryIsolation of ElementsMCQ+1 / −0.25
Oxidation states of the metal in the minerals haematite and magnetite, respectively are
  1. A
    II, III in haematite and III in magnetite
  2. B
    II, III in haematite and II in magnetite
  3. C
    II in haematite and II, III in magnetite
  4. D
    III in haematite and II, III in magnetite
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

The user wants to find the oxidation states of iron in the minerals haematite and magnetite.

Step 1: Determine the chemical formulas of the minerals.

  • The chemical formula for haematite is Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​.
  • The chemical formula for magnetite is Fe3O4Fe_3O_4Fe3​O4​.

Step 2: Calculate the oxidation state of iron in haematite (Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​).

  1. The general oxidation state of oxygen (O) in oxides is -2.
  2. Let the oxidation state of iron (Fe) be xxx.
  3. Since the overall charge of the compound Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​ is neutral (0), we can set up an equation: 2(x)+3(−2)=02(x) + 3(-2) = 02(x)+3(−2)=0
  4. Solving for xxx: 2x−6=02x - 6 = 02x−6=0 2x=62x = 62x=6 x=+3x = +3x=+3
  5. Therefore, the oxidation state of iron in haematite is +III.

Step 3: Calculate the oxidation state(s) of iron in magnetite (Fe3O4Fe_3O_4Fe3​O4​).

  1. Magnetite (Fe3O4Fe_3O_4Fe3​O4​) is a mixed oxide, which means it is composed of two different oxides of the same element.
  2. It can be represented as a combination of ferrous oxide (FeOFeOFeO) and ferric oxide (Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​). FeO⋅Fe2O3=Fe(1+2)O(1+3)=Fe3O4FeO \cdot Fe_2O_3 = Fe_{(1+2)}O_{(1+3)} = Fe_3O_4FeO⋅Fe2​O3​=Fe(1+2)​O(1+3)​=Fe3​O4​
  3. Now, we determine the oxidation state of iron in each component oxide:
    • In ferrous oxide (FeOFeOFeO): Let the oxidation state of Fe be yyy. The oxidation state of O is -2. The overall charge is 0. y+(−2)=0y + (-2) = 0y+(−2)=0 y=+2y = +2y=+2 So, one iron atom is in the +II oxidation state.
    • In ferric oxide (Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​): As calculated in Step 2, the oxidation state of iron is +III. Two iron atoms are in the +III oxidation state.
  4. Therefore, magnetite (Fe3O4Fe_3O_4Fe3​O4​) contains iron in two different oxidation states: +II and +III.

Step 4: Compare the findings with the given options.

  • Haematite: Oxidation state is III.
  • Magnetite: Oxidation states are II and III.

Let's evaluate the options:

  • A: II, III in haematite and III in magnetite - Incorrect. Haematite is only III.
  • B: II, III in haematite and II in magnetite - Incorrect. Haematite is only III.
  • C: II in haematite and II, III in magnetite - Incorrect. Haematite is III.
  • D: III in haematite and II, III in magnetite - Correct. This matches our calculated oxidation states.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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