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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q7
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q7

JEE AdvancedChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMultiple correct+4 / −2
The option(s) in which at least three molecules follow Octet Rule is(are)
  1. A
    CO2,C2H4,NO\mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4, \mathrm{NO}CO2​,C2​H4​,NO and HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl
  2. B
    NO2,O3,HCl\mathrm{NO}_2, \mathrm{O}_3, \mathrm{HCl}NO2​,O3​,HCl and H2SO4\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4H2​SO4​
  3. C
    BCl3,NO,NO2\mathrm{BCl}_3, \mathrm{NO}, \mathrm{NO}_2BCl3​,NO,NO2​ and H2SO4\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4H2​SO4​
  4. D
    CO2,BCl3,O3\mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{BCl}_3, \mathrm{O}_3CO2​,BCl3​,O3​ and C2H4\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4C2​H4​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A, D

  1. Recall the octet rule
    A molecule is said to follow the octet rule if the central/main atoms attain 8 electrons in their valence shell after bonding.
    Common exceptions here are:
  • Incomplete octet: e.g. BCl3\mathrm{BCl_3}BCl3​
  • Odd-electron molecules: e.g. NO,NO2\mathrm{NO}, \mathrm{NO_2}NO,NO2​
  • Expanded octet: e.g. H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4}H2​SO4​ (sulfur can have more than 8 electrons)

We now check each species.


  1. Check the molecules one by one

(i) CO2\mathrm{CO_2}CO2​

Structure: O=C=O\mathrm{O=C=O}O=C=O
Carbon has 4 shared pairs around it ⇒8\Rightarrow 8⇒8 electrons.
Each oxygen also has an octet.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Follows octet rule

(ii) C2H4\mathrm{C_2H_4}C2​H4​

Structure: H2C=CH2\mathrm{H_2C=CH_2}H2​C=CH2​
Each carbon forms 4 bonds total, so each carbon has 8 electrons around it.
Hydrogen follows duplet rule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Follows octet rule

(iii) NO\mathrm{NO}NO

Total valence electrons =5+6=11= 5+6=11=5+6=11 (odd number)
Odd-electron molecule, so complete octet is not possible for all atoms.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Does not follow octet rule

(iv) HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl

Chlorine has 3 lone pairs + 1 bond ⇒8\Rightarrow 8⇒8 electrons around Cl.
Hydrogen has duplet.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Follows octet rule

(v) NO2\mathrm{NO_2}NO2​

Total valence electrons =5+2×6=17= 5+2\times 6 = 17=5+2×6=17 (odd number)
Odd-electron molecule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Does not follow octet rule

(vi) O3\mathrm{O_3}O3​

Ozone has resonance structures such as: O=O−O↔O−O=O\mathrm{O=O-O} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{O-O=O}O=O−O↔O−O=O In these structures, each oxygen can be represented with an octet.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Follows octet rule

(vii) H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4}H2​SO4​

Usual Lewis structure has sulfur bonded to four oxygens, often shown with two S=O\mathrm{S=O}S=O bonds and two S−OH\mathrm{S-OH}S−OH bonds. Then sulfur has 12 electrons around it.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Expanded octet, so does not follow octet rule

(viii) BCl3\mathrm{BCl_3}BCl3​

Boron forms 3 bonds only, so it has 6 electrons around it.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Incomplete octet, so does not follow octet rule


  1. Evaluate each option

Option A: CO2,C2H4,NO,HCl\mathrm{CO_2, C_2H_4, NO, HCl}CO2​,C2​H4​,NO,HCl

  • CO2\mathrm{CO_2}CO2​: follows
  • C2H4\mathrm{C_2H_4}C2​H4​: follows
  • NO\mathrm{NO}NO: does not follow
  • HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl: follows

So, 3 molecules follow octet rule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ A is correct

Option B: NO2,O3,HCl,H2SO4\mathrm{NO_2, O_3, HCl, H_2SO_4}NO2​,O3​,HCl,H2​SO4​

  • NO2\mathrm{NO_2}NO2​: does not follow
  • O3\mathrm{O_3}O3​: follows
  • HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl: follows
  • H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4}H2​SO4​: does not follow

So, only 2 molecules follow octet rule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ B is incorrect

Option C: BCl3,NO,NO2,H2SO4\mathrm{BCl_3, NO, NO_2, H_2SO_4}BCl3​,NO,NO2​,H2​SO4​

  • BCl3\mathrm{BCl_3}BCl3​: does not follow
  • NO\mathrm{NO}NO: does not follow
  • NO2\mathrm{NO_2}NO2​: does not follow
  • H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4}H2​SO4​: does not follow

So, 0 molecules follow octet rule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ C is incorrect

Option D: CO2,BCl3,O3,C2H4\mathrm{CO_2, BCl_3, O_3, C_2H_4}CO2​,BCl3​,O3​,C2​H4​

  • CO2\mathrm{CO_2}CO2​: follows
  • BCl3\mathrm{BCl_3}BCl3​: does not follow
  • O3\mathrm{O_3}O3​: follows
  • C2H4\mathrm{C_2H_4}C2​H4​: follows

So, 3 molecules follow octet rule.
⇒\Rightarrow⇒ D is correct


  1. Final answer The options in which at least three molecules follow octet rule are: A,D\boxed{A, D}A,D​

  1. Comparison with stored correct answer Stored correct answer: A,DA, DA,D
    Derived answer: A,DA, DA,D
    Hence, they agree.
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