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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2023 · Shift 2 · Q10
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2023 · Shift 2 · Q10

JEE AdvancedChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNumerical+4 / −1
Consider the following molecules: Br3O8, F2O,H2S4O6,H2S5O6\mathrm{Br}_3 \mathrm{O}_8, \mathrm{~F}_2 \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{S}_4 \mathrm{O}_6, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{S}_5 \mathrm{O}_6Br3​O8​, F2​O,H2​S4​O6​,H2​S5​O6​, and C3O2\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{O}_2C3​O2​. Count the number of atoms existing in their zero oxidation state in each molecule. Their sum is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 6

  1. We need to count atoms with oxidation state 000 in each molecule and then add them.

  1. Molecule 1: Br3O8\mathrm{Br_3O_8}Br3​O8​

Let oxidation state of Br be xxx on average: 3x+8(−2)=03x + 8(-2)=03x+8(−2)=0 3x−16=0⇒x=1633x-16=0 \Rightarrow x=\frac{16}{3}3x−16=0⇒x=316​

So bromine atoms are not all equivalent. This compound is better written as mixed anhydride corresponding to bromine oxyacids, containing:

  • one Br in +5+5+5 state,
  • two Br in + ⁣ ?+\! \,?+?

But no atom is in oxidation state 000.

Thus, number of atoms in zero oxidation state in Br3O8\mathrm{Br_3O_8}Br3​O8​ is 000


  1. Molecule 2: F2O\mathrm{F_2O}F2​O

In F2O\mathrm{F_2O}F2​O, fluorine is always −1-1−1. Let oxidation state of oxygen be xxx: x+2(−1)=0x+2(-1)=0x+2(−1)=0 x=+2x=+2x=+2

So no atom has oxidation state 000.

Thus, count = 000


  1. Molecule 3: H2S4O6\mathrm{H_2S_4O_6}H2​S4​O6​ (tetrathionic acid)

Structure of tetrathionic acid is: HO3S−S−S−SO3H\mathrm{HO_3S-S-S-SO_3H}HO3​S−S−S−SO3​H

Now assign oxidation states:

  • Terminal sulfur atoms bonded to 333 oxygens each are in high oxidation state, actually +5+5+5 each.
  • The two inner sulfur atoms are bonded only to sulfur atoms. In an S–S bond, electrons are shared equally, so each such sulfur has oxidation state 000.

Check total: 2(+5)+2(0)+2(+1)+6(−2)=02(+5)+2(0)+2(+1)+6(-2)=02(+5)+2(0)+2(+1)+6(−2)=0 10+0+2−12=010+0+2-12=010+0+2−12=0 Correct.

Thus, number of atoms in zero oxidation state in H2S4O6\mathrm{H_2S_4O_6}H2​S4​O6​ is 222


  1. Molecule 4: H2S5O6\mathrm{H_2S_5O_6}H2​S5​O6​ (pentathionic acid)

Structure: HO3S−S−S−S−SO3H\mathrm{HO_3S-S-S-S-SO_3H}HO3​S−S−S−S−SO3​H

Here:

  • the two terminal sulfur atoms attached to SO3H\mathrm{SO_3H}SO3​H groups are in +5+5+5 state,
  • the three inner sulfur atoms are bonded only to sulfur atoms, so each is in oxidation state 000.

Check total: 2(+5)+3(0)+2(+1)+6(−2)=02(+5)+3(0)+2(+1)+6(-2)=02(+5)+3(0)+2(+1)+6(−2)=0 10+0+2−12=010+0+2-12=010+0+2−12=0 Correct.

Thus, number of atoms in zero oxidation state in H2S5O6\mathrm{H_2S_5O_6}H2​S5​O6​ is 333


  1. Molecule 5: C3O2\mathrm{C_3O_2}C3​O2​ (carbon suboxide)

Structure: O=C=C=C=O\mathrm{O=C=C=C=O}O=C=C=C=O

Now determine oxidation states of carbon atoms.

  • Each terminal carbon is double bonded to oxygen. Since oxygen is more electronegative, each terminal carbon has oxidation state +2+2+2.
  • The central carbon is bonded only to carbons, so its oxidation state is 000.

Thus, number of atoms in zero oxidation state in C3O2\mathrm{C_3O_2}C3​O2​ is 111


  1. Total sum

Adding all zero oxidation state atoms: 0+0+2+3+1=60+0+2+3+1=60+0+2+3+1=6


  1. Final Answer

The required sum is: 6\boxed{6}6​

This matches the stored correct answer.

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