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Vector Algebra question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 2 · Q46
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  5. /2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 2 · Q46

Vector Algebra question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 2 · Q46

JEE MainPhysicsVector AlgebraMCQ+4 / −1
Statement I : Two forces (P→+Q→)\left( {\overrightarrow P + \overrightarrow Q } \right)(P+Q​) and (P→−Q→)\left( {\overrightarrow P - \overrightarrow Q } \right)(P−Q​) where P→⊥Q→\overrightarrow P \bot \overrightarrow QP⊥Q​, when act at an angle θ\thetaθ 1 to each other, the magnitude of their resultant is 3(P2+Q2)\sqrt {3({P^2} + {Q^2})}3(P2+Q2)​, when they act at an angle θ\thetaθ 2, the magnitude of their resultant becomes 2(P2+Q2)\sqrt {2({P^2} + {Q^2})}2(P2+Q2)​. This is possible only when θ1<θ2{\theta _1} \lt {\theta _2}θ1​<θ2​. Statement II : In the situation given above. θ\thetaθ 1 = 60 ∘^\circ∘ and θ\thetaθ 2 = 90 ∘^\circ∘ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :-
  1. A
    Statement I is false but Statement II is true
  2. B
    Both Statement I and Statement II are true
  3. C
    Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. D
    Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Given forces

    The two force vectors are A⃗=P⃗+Q⃗,B⃗=P⃗−Q⃗\vec A = \vec P + \vec Q, \qquad \vec B = \vec P - \vec QA=P+Q​,B=P−Q​ with P⃗⊥Q⃗\vec P \perp \vec QP⊥Q​

  2. Magnitudes of the two forces

    Since P⃗⊥Q⃗\vec P \perp \vec QP⊥Q​, ∣A⃗∣2=∣P⃗+Q⃗∣2=P2+Q2|\vec A|^2 = |\vec P + \vec Q|^2 = P^2 + Q^2∣A∣2=∣P+Q​∣2=P2+Q2 ∣B⃗∣2=∣P⃗−Q⃗∣2=P2+Q2|\vec B|^2 = |\vec P - \vec Q|^2 = P^2 + Q^2∣B∣2=∣P−Q​∣2=P2+Q2

    Hence, ∣A⃗∣=∣B⃗∣=P2+Q2|\vec A| = |\vec B| = \sqrt{P^2+Q^2}∣A∣=∣B∣=P2+Q2​

  3. Resultant of two equal-magnitude vectors making angle θ\thetaθ

    If two vectors of magnitude RRR make angle θ\thetaθ, then resultant magnitude is R2+R2+2R2cos⁡θ=R2(1+cos⁡θ)\sqrt{R^2+R^2+2R^2\cos\theta}=R\sqrt{2(1+\cos\theta)}R2+R2+2R2cosθ​=R2(1+cosθ)​

    Here R=P2+Q2R=\sqrt{P^2+Q^2}R=P2+Q2​, so resultant magnitude becomes R=2(P2+Q2)(1+cos⁡θ)\mathcal R = \sqrt{2(P^2+Q^2)(1+\cos\theta)}R=2(P2+Q2)(1+cosθ)​

  4. For angle θ1\theta_1θ1​

    Given resultant magnitude is 3(P2+Q2)\sqrt{3(P^2+Q^2)}3(P2+Q2)​

    So, 2(P2+Q2)(1+cos⁡θ1)=3(P2+Q2)2(P^2+Q^2)(1+\cos\theta_1)=3(P^2+Q^2)2(P2+Q2)(1+cosθ1​)=3(P2+Q2) 2(1+cos⁡θ1)=32(1+\cos\theta_1)=32(1+cosθ1​)=3 1+cos⁡θ1=321+\cos\theta_1=\frac321+cosθ1​=23​ cos⁡θ1=12\cos\theta_1=\frac12cosθ1​=21​

    Therefore, θ1=60∘\theta_1=60^\circθ1​=60∘

  5. For angle θ2\theta_2θ2​

    Given resultant magnitude is 2(P2+Q2)\sqrt{2(P^2+Q^2)}2(P2+Q2)​

    So, 2(P2+Q2)(1+cos⁡θ2)=2(P2+Q2)2(P^2+Q^2)(1+\cos\theta_2)=2(P^2+Q^2)2(P2+Q2)(1+cosθ2​)=2(P2+Q2) 1+cos⁡θ2=11+\cos\theta_2=11+cosθ2​=1 cos⁡θ2=0\cos\theta_2=0cosθ2​=0

    Therefore, θ2=90∘\theta_2=90^\circθ2​=90∘

  6. Check Statement I

    Statement I says this is possible only when θ1<θ2\theta_1<\theta_2θ1​<θ2​

    Since 60∘<90∘60^\circ<90^\circ60∘<90∘ Statement I is true.

  7. Check Statement II

    Statement II says θ1=60∘,θ2=90∘\theta_1=60^\circ, \qquad \theta_2=90^\circθ1​=60∘,θ2​=90∘

    This matches our result exactly, so Statement II is true.

  8. Final choice

    Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

    Therefore, the correct option is B.

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