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Vector Algebra question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 2 · Q40
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Vector Algebra question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 2 · Q40

JEE MainPhysicsVector AlgebraNumerical+4 / −1
The sum of two forces P→\overrightarrow PP and Q→\overrightarrow QQ​ is R→\overrightarrow RR such that ∣R→∣=∣P→∣\left| {\overrightarrow R } \right| = \left| {\overrightarrow P } \right|​R​=​P​. The angle θ\thetaθ (in degrees) that the resultant of 2 P→{\overrightarrow P }P and Q→{\overrightarrow Q }Q​ will make with Q→{\overrightarrow Q }Q​ is , ..............
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 90

  1. Let the magnitudes of the vectors be ∣P⃗∣=P,∣Q⃗∣=Q,∣R⃗∣=R|\vec P|=P,\quad |\vec Q|=Q,\quad |\vec R|=R∣P∣=P,∣Q​∣=Q,∣R∣=R with R⃗=P⃗+Q⃗\vec R=\vec P+\vec QR=P+Q​ and given R=P.R=P.R=P.

  2. Use the magnitude formula for the sum of two vectors. If the angle between P⃗\vec PP and Q⃗\vec QQ​ is ϕ\phiϕ, then R2=P2+Q2+2PQcos⁡ϕ.R^2=P^2+Q^2+2PQ\cos\phi.R2=P2+Q2+2PQcosϕ. Since R=PR=PR=P, we get P2=P2+Q2+2PQcos⁡ϕ.P^2=P^2+Q^2+2PQ\cos\phi.P2=P2+Q2+2PQcosϕ. Therefore, Q2+2PQcos⁡ϕ=0.Q^2+2PQ\cos\phi=0.Q2+2PQcosϕ=0. So, 2P\cos\phi=-Q. \tag{1}

  3. Now consider the new resultant S⃗=2P⃗+Q⃗.\vec S=2\vec P+\vec Q.S=2P+Q​. But since R⃗=P⃗+Q⃗,\vec R=\vec P+\vec Q,R=P+Q​, we can write S⃗=P⃗+R⃗.\vec S=\vec P+\vec R.S=P+R.

  4. We need the angle between S⃗\vec SS and Q⃗\vec QQ​. Check their dot product: S⃗⋅Q⃗=(2P⃗+Q⃗)⋅Q⃗=2P⃗⋅Q⃗+Q2.\vec S\cdot \vec Q=(2\vec P+\vec Q)\cdot \vec Q=2\vec P\cdot \vec Q+Q^2.S⋅Q​=(2P+Q​)⋅Q​=2P⋅Q​+Q2. Using P⃗⋅Q⃗=PQcos⁡ϕ\vec P\cdot \vec Q=PQ\cos\phiP⋅Q​=PQcosϕ, S⃗⋅Q⃗=2PQcos⁡ϕ+Q2.\vec S\cdot \vec Q=2PQ\cos\phi+Q^2.S⋅Q​=2PQcosϕ+Q2.

  5. From equation (1), 2Pcos⁡ϕ=−Q.2P\cos\phi=-Q.2Pcosϕ=−Q. Multiplying by QQQ, 2PQcos⁡ϕ=−Q2.2PQ\cos\phi=-Q^2.2PQcosϕ=−Q2. Hence, S⃗⋅Q⃗=−Q2+Q2=0.\vec S\cdot \vec Q=-Q^2+Q^2=0.S⋅Q​=−Q2+Q2=0.

  6. Since the dot product is zero, S⃗\vec SS is perpendicular to Q⃗\vec QQ​. Therefore, the angle made by the resultant of 2P⃗2\vec P2P and Q⃗\vec QQ​ with Q⃗\vec QQ​ is θ=90circ.\theta=90^circ.θ=90circ.

Thus, the required integer is: 90\boxed{90}90​

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