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Units and Measurements question

2021 · 18 Mar · Shift 2 · Q66
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Units and Measurements question

2021 · 18 Mar · Shift 2 · Q66

JEE MainPhysicsUnits and MeasurementsNumerical+4 / −1
The radius of a sphere is measured to be (7.50 ±\pm± 0.85) cm. Suppose the percentage error in its volume is x. The value of x, to the nearest x, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 34

  1. Given data

    The radius of the sphere is measured as r=(7.50±0.85) cmr = (7.50 \pm 0.85)\text{ cm}r=(7.50±0.85) cm

    So,

    • Absolute error in radius = Δr=0.85 cm\Delta r = 0.85\text{ cm}Δr=0.85 cm
    • Measured radius = r=7.50 cmr = 7.50\text{ cm}r=7.50 cm
  2. Volume of a sphere

    The volume is V=43πr3V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3V=34​πr3

  3. Error propagation rule

    For a quantity of the form V∝r3V \propto r^3V∝r3, the fractional error is ΔVV=3Δrr\frac{\Delta V}{V} = 3\frac{\Delta r}{r}VΔV​=3rΔr​

    Therefore, percentage error in volume is x=3(Δrr)×100x = 3\left(\frac{\Delta r}{r}\right)\times 100x=3(rΔr​)×100

  4. Substitute the values

    x=3(0.857.50)×100x = 3\left(\frac{0.85}{7.50}\right)\times 100x=3(7.500.85​)×100

    First compute: 0.857.50=0.1133…\frac{0.85}{7.50} = 0.1133\ldots7.500.85​=0.1133…

    Then, x=3×0.1133…×100x = 3 \times 0.1133\ldots \times 100x=3×0.1133…×100 x=0.34×100x = 0.34 \times 100x=0.34×100 x=34.0%x = 34.0\%x=34.0%

  5. Nearest integer

    x≈34x \approx 34x≈34

Final Answer

The percentage error in volume is 34\boxed{34}34​

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