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Simple Harmonic Motion question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q60
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  5. /2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q60

Simple Harmonic Motion question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q60

JEE MainPhysicsSimple Harmonic MotionMCQ+4 / −1
Two bodies A and B of equal mass are suspended from two massless springs of spring constant k1 and k2, respectively. If the bodies oscillate vertically such that their amplitudes are equal, the ratio of the maximum velocity of A to the maximum velocity of B is
  1. A
    k2k1\sqrt{\frac{k_2}{k_1}}k1​k2​​​
  2. B
    k1k2\sqrt{\frac{k_1}{k_2}}k2​k1​​​
  3. C
    k2k1\frac{k_2}{k_1}k1​k2​​
  4. D
    k1k2\frac{k_1}{k_2}k2​k1​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. For a mass-spring system executing SHM, the maximum speed is vmax⁡=Aωv_{\max}=A\omegavmax​=Aω where AAA is amplitude and ω\omegaω is angular frequency.

  2. For a vertical spring-mass system of mass mmm and spring constant kkk, the angular frequency is ω=km\omega=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}ω=mk​​ Note: vertical orientation only shifts the equilibrium position; it does not change the frequency.

  3. Since the two bodies have equal masses and equal amplitudes, let the common amplitude be AAA.

    For body A: vA,max⁡=Ak1mv_{A,\max}=A\sqrt{\frac{k_1}{m}}vA,max​=Amk1​​​

    For body B: vB,max⁡=Ak2mv_{B,\max}=A\sqrt{\frac{k_2}{m}}vB,max​=Amk2​​​

  4. Therefore, the required ratio is \frac{v_{A,\max}}{v_{B,\max}}= rac{A\sqrt{k_1/m}}{A\sqrt{k_2/m}}=\sqrt{\frac{k_1}{k_2}}

  5. Now check the options:

    • A: k2k1\sqrt{\frac{k_2}{k_1}}k1​k2​​​ — incorrect
    • B: k1k2\sqrt{\frac{k_1}{k_2}}k2​k1​​​ — correct
    • C: k2k1\frac{k_2}{k_1}k1​k2​​ — incorrect
    • D: k1k2\frac{k_1}{k_2}k2​k1​​ — incorrect

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

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