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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q74
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q74

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
The temperature of 1 mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is increased by 50∘C50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}50∘C at constant pressure. The total heat added and change in internal energy are E1E_1E1​ and E2E_2E2​, respectively. If E1E2=x9\frac{E_1}{E_2}=\frac{x}{9}E2​E1​​=9x​ then the value of xxx is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 15

  1. Given data

    • Number of moles: n=1n = 1n=1
    • Gas: ideal monoatomic gas
    • Temperature increase: ΔT=50∘C=50 K\Delta T = 50^\circ C = 50\,\text{K}ΔT=50∘C=50K
    • Process: constant pressure
  2. Heat added at constant pressure

    For an ideal gas, E1=Q=nCpΔTE_1 = Q = n C_p \Delta TE1​=Q=nCp​ΔT

    For a monoatomic ideal gas, Cv=3R2,Cp=Cv+R=5R2C_v = \frac{3R}{2}, \qquad C_p = C_v + R = \frac{5R}{2}Cv​=23R​,Cp​=Cv​+R=25R​

    Hence, E1=1⋅5R2⋅50=125RE_1 = 1 \cdot \frac{5R}{2} \cdot 50 = 125RE1​=1⋅25R​⋅50=125R

  3. Change in internal energy

    For an ideal gas, E2=ΔU=nCvΔTE_2 = \Delta U = n C_v \Delta TE2​=ΔU=nCv​ΔT

    So, E2=1⋅3R2⋅50=75RE_2 = 1 \cdot \frac{3R}{2} \cdot 50 = 75RE2​=1⋅23R​⋅50=75R

  4. Find the ratio

    E1E2=125R75R=53\frac{E_1}{E_2} = \frac{125R}{75R} = \frac{5}{3}E2​E1​​=75R125R​=35​

    Given, E1E2=x9\frac{E_1}{E_2} = \frac{x}{9}E2​E1​​=9x​

    Therefore, x9=53\frac{x}{9} = \frac{5}{3}9x​=35​

    x=9⋅53=15x = 9 \cdot \frac{5}{3} = 15x=9⋅35​=15

  5. Final answer 15\boxed{15}15​

  6. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer = 151515.

    My derived answer matches the stored answer.

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