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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
The translational degrees of freedom (ft)\left(f_t\right)(ft​) and rotational degrees of freedom (fr)\left(f_r\right)(fr​) of CH4\mathrm{CH}_4CH4​ molecule are:
  1. A
    ft=2f_t=2ft​=2 and fr=2f_r=2fr​=2
  2. B
    ft=3f_t=3ft​=3 and fr=3f_r=3fr​=3
  3. C
    ft=3f_t=3ft​=3 and 4 fr=2f_r=2fr​=2$
  4. D
    ft=2f_t=2ft​=2 and fr=3f_r=3fr​=3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Identify the molecular structure of CH4\mathrm{CH_4}CH4​

    Methane, CH4\mathrm{CH_4}CH4​, is a non-linear polyatomic molecule (tetrahedral structure).

  2. Translational degrees of freedom

    Any molecule as a whole can move independently along the three mutually perpendicular axes: xxx, yyy, and zzz.

    Therefore, ft=3f_t = 3ft​=3

  3. Rotational degrees of freedom

    • A linear molecule has 222 rotational degrees of freedom.
    • A non-linear molecule has 333 rotational degrees of freedom.

    Since CH4\mathrm{CH_4}CH4​ is non-linear, it can rotate about all three axes.

    Therefore, fr=3f_r = 3fr​=3

  4. Match with the options

    We obtained: ft=3,fr=3f_t = 3, \quad f_r = 3ft​=3,fr​=3

    This matches Option B.

  5. Final answer

    ft=3,  fr=3\boxed{f_t = 3, \; f_r = 3}ft​=3,fr​=3​

So, the correct option is B.

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