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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q45
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  5. /2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q45

Heat and Thermodynamics question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q45

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
At what temperature a gold ring of diameter 6.230 cm be heated so that it can be fitted on a wooden bangle of diameter 6.241 cm ? Both the diameters have been measured at room temperature (27 ∘^\circ∘ C). (Given : coefficient of linear thermal expansion of gold α\alphaα L = 1.4 ×\times× 10 −-− 5 K −-− 1)
  1. A
    125.7 ∘^\circ∘ C
  2. B
    91.7 ∘^\circ∘ C
  3. C
    425.7 ∘^\circ∘ C
  4. D
    152.7 ∘^\circ∘ C
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Given data
  • Initial diameter of gold ring: D0=6.230 cmD_0 = 6.230\ \text{cm}D0​=6.230 cm
  • Diameter of wooden bangle: D=6.241 cmD = 6.241\ \text{cm}D=6.241 cm
  • Initial temperature: T0=27∘CT_0 = 27^\circ \text{C}T0​=27∘C
  • Coefficient of linear expansion of gold: α=1.4×10−5 K−1\alpha = 1.4 \times 10^{-5}\ \text{K}^{-1}α=1.4×10−5 K−1

We need the ring diameter to increase from 6.2306.2306.230 cm to 6.2416.2416.241 cm.

  1. Use linear expansion for diameter

For a ring, the diameter expands just like any linear dimension: D=D0(1+αΔT)D = D_0(1 + \alpha \Delta T)D=D0​(1+αΔT)

So, 6.241=6.230(1+αΔT)6.241 = 6.230(1 + \alpha \Delta T)6.241=6.230(1+αΔT)

  1. Solve for ΔT\Delta TΔT

6.241−6.2306.230=αΔT\frac{6.241 - 6.230}{6.230} = \alpha \Delta T6.2306.241−6.230​=αΔT

0.0116.230=1.4×10−5ΔT\frac{0.011}{6.230} = 1.4 \times 10^{-5} \Delta T6.2300.011​=1.4×10−5ΔT

First compute: 0.0116.230≈0.00176565\frac{0.011}{6.230} \approx 0.001765656.2300.011​≈0.00176565

Now, ΔT=0.001765651.4×10−5\Delta T = \frac{0.00176565}{1.4 \times 10^{-5}}ΔT=1.4×10−50.00176565​

ΔT≈126.12 K\Delta T \approx 126.12\ \text{K}ΔT≈126.12 K

  1. Find the required final temperature

T=T0+ΔTT = T_0 + \Delta TT=T0​+ΔT

T=27+126.12T = 27 + 126.12T=27+126.12

T≈153.12∘CT \approx 153.12^\circ \text{C}T≈153.12∘C

  1. Match with options

Closest option is: 152.7∘C\boxed{152.7^\circ \text{C}}152.7∘C​

So the correct option is D.

  1. Verification with stored answer

Stored correct answer: D

Our derived answer: D

They match.

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