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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 16 Mar · Shift 2 · Q60
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 16 Mar · Shift 2 · Q60

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
A bimetallic strip consists of metals A and B. It is mounted rigidly as shown. The metal A has higher coefficient of expansion compared to that of metal B. When the bimetallic strip is placed in a cold bath, it will : JEE Main 2021 (Online) 16th March Evening Shift Physics - Heat and Thermodynamics Question 256 English
  1. A
    Neither bend nor shrink
  2. B
    Bend towards the left
  3. C
    Not bend but shrink
  4. D
    Bend towards the right
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Key idea: differential thermal contraction

    In a bimetallic strip, the two metals are firmly joined together. If temperature changes, each metal would like to change its length by ΔL=αLΔT\Delta L = \alpha L \Delta TΔL=αLΔT where α\alphaα is the coefficient of linear expansion.

  2. Given information

    • Metal AAA has a higher coefficient of expansion than metal BBB.
    • The strip is placed in a cold bath, so temperature decreases.
    • Therefore, both metals try to contract, but metal AAA tries to contract more than metal BBB because αA>αB\alpha_A > \alpha_BαA​>αB​
  3. How bending occurs

    Since the two strips are attached together, they cannot contract by different amounts independently.

    • The metal that wants to contract more becomes effectively the inner side of the bend.
    • The metal that contracts less becomes the outer side.

    So on cooling, the strip bends towards metal AAA.

  4. Direction of bending from the figure

    From the standard mounting shown in such problems, metal AAA is on the left side of the strip arrangement. Hence, on cooling, the strip bends towards the left.

  5. Checking options

    • A: Neither bend nor shrink — false, because cooling causes contraction and differential contraction causes bending.
    • B: Bend towards the left — correct.
    • C: Not bend but shrink — false, because unequal contraction causes bending.
    • D: Bend towards the right — false.
  6. Final answer

    Bend towards the left\boxed{\text{Bend towards the left}}Bend towards the left​

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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