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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q174
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q174

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following statements is correct for any thermodynamic system ?
  1. A
    The change in entropy can never be zero
  2. B
    Internal energy and entropy and state functions
  3. C
    The internal energy changes in all processes
  4. D
    The work done in an adiabatic process is always zero,
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Check each statement one by one

A thermodynamic system is described by variables like internal energy UUU, entropy SSS, pressure PPP, volume VVV, etc. We test each option.


  1. Option A: "The change in entropy can never be zero"

This is false.

Entropy change can be zero in some processes. For example:

  • In a reversible adiabatic (isentropic) process, ΔS=0\Delta S = 0ΔS=0 So it is wrong to say entropy change can never be zero.

  1. Option B: "Internal energy and entropy are state functions"

This is true.

A state function depends only on the initial and final states, not on the path followed.

Both:

  • Internal energy UUU
  • Entropy SSS

are state functions in thermodynamics.

Hence, option B is correct.


  1. Option C: "The internal energy changes in all processes"

This is false.

Internal energy does not change in all processes. Example:

  • For an ideal gas in an isothermal process, temperature remains constant.
  • Since internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature, ΔU=0\Delta U = 0ΔU=0 So this statement is incorrect.

  1. Option D: "The work done in an adiabatic process is always zero"

This is false.

In an adiabatic process, Q=0Q = 0Q=0 but work may still be done.

Using first law: ΔU=Q−W\Delta U = Q - WΔU=Q−W Since Q=0Q=0Q=0, ΔU=−W\Delta U = -WΔU=−W So generally W≠0W \neq 0W=0.

For example, during adiabatic expansion, the gas does work.


  1. Final conclusion

Only Option B is correct.


  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: B

Derived answer: B

They agree.

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