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Electrostatics question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q73
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Electrostatics question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q73

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
An electric dipole of dipole moment 6×10−6Cm6 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{Cm}6×10−6Cm is placed in uniform electric field of magnitude 106V/m10^{6} \mathrm{V} / \mathrm{m}106V/m. Initially, the dipole moment is parallel to electric field. The work that needs to be done on the dipole to make its dipole moment opposite to the field, will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ J.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 12

  1. Potential energy of a dipole in a uniform electric field

    The potential energy is U=−pEcos⁡θU = -pE\cos\thetaU=−pEcosθ where:

    • p=6×10−6 C mp = 6 \times 10^{-6}\ \text{C m}p=6×10−6 C m
    • E=106 V/mE = 10^6\ \text{V/m}E=106 V/m
    • θ\thetaθ is the angle between dipole moment and electric field.
  2. Initial position

    Initially, the dipole is parallel to the field, so θi=0∘\theta_i = 0^\circθi​=0∘ Hence, Ui=−pEcos⁡0∘=−pEU_i = -pE\cos 0^\circ = -pEUi​=−pEcos0∘=−pE

  3. Final position

    Finally, the dipole is opposite to the field, so θf=180∘\theta_f = 180^\circθf​=180∘ Hence, Uf=−pEcos⁡180∘=+pEU_f = -pE\cos 180^\circ = +pEUf​=−pEcos180∘=+pE

  4. Work done by external agent

    The work required to rotate the dipole slowly against the field is equal to the increase in potential energy: W=Uf−Ui=pE−(−pE)=2pEW = U_f - U_i = pE - (-pE) = 2pEW=Uf​−Ui​=pE−(−pE)=2pE

  5. Substitute values

    W=2×(6×10−6)×(106)W = 2 \times (6 \times 10^{-6}) \times (10^6)W=2×(6×10−6)×(106)

    W=2×6=12 JW = 2 \times 6 = 12\ \text{J}W=2×6=12 J

  6. Final answer

    12\boxed{12}12​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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