Sign in
12thPass logo
New chatPYQ LibraryDoubtsRank report
Sign in to see Recents

Your guest activity stays on this device

Sign in to save progress →
Sign in

Electrostatics question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q69
Guest · filters and generic practice availableBrowsing as a guest · PYQ filters and generic practice are available. Sign in only for personalised features and saved progress.
  1. PYQ Library
  2. /JEE Main
  3. /Physics
  4. /Electrostatics
  5. /2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q69

Electrostatics question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q69

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsMCQ+4 / −1
An electric dipole is placed at a distance of 2 cm from an infinite plane sheet having positive charge density σo\sigma_{\mathrm{o}}σo​. Choose the correct option from the following. JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift Physics - Electrostatics Question 36 English
  1. A
    Torque on dipole is zero and net force is directed away from the sheet.
  2. B
    Potential energy of dipole is minimum and torque is zero.
  3. C
    Potential energy and torque both are maximum.
  4. D
    Torque on dipole is zero and net force acts towards the sheet.
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Electric field due to an infinite plane sheet
    For an infinite plane sheet with uniform positive surface charge density σ0\sigma_0σ0​, the electric field is E=σ02ε0E = \frac{\sigma_0}{2\varepsilon_0}E=2ε0​σ0​​ and it is uniform (independent of distance from the sheet) and directed away from the sheet.

So at the position of the dipole, the field is constant in magnitude and direction.


  1. Force on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field
    A dipole in a uniform electric field experiences no net force because the forces on +q+q+q and −q-q−q are equal and opposite.

Hence, options involving a net force toward or away from the sheet are incorrect.

So:

  • A is wrong
  • D is wrong

  1. Torque on a dipole in an electric field
    Torque on a dipole is τ=pEsin⁡θ\tau = pE\sin\thetaτ=pEsinθ where θ\thetaθ is the angle between dipole moment p⃗\vec pp​ and electric field E⃗\vec EE.

Torque is zero when: θ=0orπ\theta = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad \piθ=0orπ That is, when the dipole is parallel or anti-parallel to the field.

Since the options mention torque being zero together with potential energy conditions, we examine the stable case.


  1. Potential energy of a dipole in an electric field
    Potential energy is U=−p⃗⋅E⃗=−pEcos⁡θU = -\vec p\cdot \vec E = -pE\cos\thetaU=−p​⋅E=−pEcosθ
  • For θ=0\theta=0θ=0: Umin⁡=−pEU_{\min} = -pEUmin​=−pE This is the minimum potential energy.
  • For θ=π\theta=\piθ=π: Umax⁡=+pEU_{\max} = +pEUmax​=+pE This is the maximum potential energy.

Thus, when the dipole is in stable equilibrium, torque is zero and potential energy is minimum.


  1. Check options
  • A: Torque zero but net force away from sheet →\to→ wrong, because net force is zero.
  • B: Potential energy minimum and torque zero →\to→ correct.
  • C: Potential energy and torque both maximum →\to→ wrong, because when potential energy is maximum (θ=π\theta=\piθ=π), torque is still zero, not maximum.
  • D: Torque zero and net force toward sheet →\to→ wrong, because net force is zero.

  1. Final answer
    The correct option is: B\boxed{\text{B}}B​

This matches the stored correct answer.

PreviousNext

More from Electrostatics

  • Two identical charged spheres are suspended by strings of equal lengths. The strings make an angle θ with each other. When suspended in water the angle remains the same. If density of the material of the sphere is 1.5 g/cc…2024 · Numerical
  • C1​ and C2​ are two hollow concentric cubes enclosing charges 2Q and 3Q respectively as shown in figure. The ratio of electric flux passing through C1​ and C2​ is : Includes diagram2024 · MCQ
  • Suppose a uniformly charged wall provides a uniform electric field of 2×104 N/C normally. A charged particle of mass 2 g being suspended through a silk thread of length 20 cm and…2024 · Numerical
  • An infinitely long positively charged straight thread has a linear charge density λ Cm−1. An electron revolves along a circular path having axis along the length of the wire. The graph that correctly represents the…2024 · MCQ
  • An infinite plane sheet of charge having uniform surface charge density +σs​C/m2 is placed on x-y plane. Another infinitely long line charge having uniform linear charge density +λe​C/m…2024 · Numerical
  • A charge q is placed at the center of one of the surface of a cube. The flux linked with the cube is:2024 · MCQ
  • In hydrogen like system the ratio of coulombian force and gravitational force between an electron and a proton is in the order of :2024 · MCQ
  • The vehicles carrying inflammable fluids usually have metallic chains touching the ground:2024 · MCQ