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Electrostatics question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q73
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Electrostatics question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q73

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsMCQ+4 / −1
An electric charge 10−6μC10^{-6} \mu \mathrm{C}10−6μC is placed at origin (0,0)m(0,0)\mathrm{m}(0,0)m of X−Y\mathrm{X}-\mathrm{Y}X−Y co-ordinate system. Two points P\mathrm{P}P and Q\mathrm{Q}Q are situated at (3,3)m(\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{3}) \mathrm{m}(3​,3​)m and (6,0)m(\sqrt{6}, 0) \mathrm{m}(6​,0)m respectively. The potential difference between the points P\mathrm{P}P and Q\mathrm{Q}Q will be :
  1. A
    3 V\sqrt{3} \mathrm{~V}3​ V
  2. B
    6 V\sqrt{6} \mathrm{~V}6​ V
  3. C
    0 V0 \mathrm{~V}0 V
  4. D
    3 V3 \mathrm{~V}3 V
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given data
  • Charge at origin: q=10−6 μC=10−6×10−6C=10−12Cq = 10^{-6}\,\mu C = 10^{-6}\times 10^{-6}C = 10^{-12}Cq=10−6μC=10−6×10−6C=10−12C
  • Point P(3,3)P(\sqrt{3},\sqrt{3})P(3​,3​)
  • Point Q(6,0)Q(\sqrt{6},0)Q(6​,0)
  1. Find distances of PPP and QQQ from origin

For point PPP: OP=(3)2+(3)2=3+3=6 mOP = \sqrt{(\sqrt{3})^2+(\sqrt{3})^2} = \sqrt{3+3} = \sqrt{6}\,mOP=(3​)2+(3​)2​=3+3​=6​m

For point QQQ: OQ=(6)2+02=6 mOQ = \sqrt{(\sqrt{6})^2+0^2} = \sqrt{6}\,mOQ=(6​)2+02​=6​m

So both points are at the same distance from the charge.

  1. Use formula for electric potential due to a point charge

Potential at distance rrr from a point charge is V=14πε0qrV = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{q}{r}V=4πε0​1​rq​

Since both PPP and QQQ have the same distance 6\sqrt{6}6​ from the origin, VP=VQV_P = V_QVP​=VQ​

Therefore, the potential difference is VP−VQ=0V_P - V_Q = 0VP​−VQ​=0

  1. Check options
  • A: 3 V\sqrt{3}\,V3​V ❌
  • B: 6 V\sqrt{6}\,V6​V ❌
  • C: 0 V0\,V0V ✅
  • D: 3 V3\,V3V ❌

Hence the correct option is C.

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