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Current Electricity question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 2 · Q76
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  5. /2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 2 · Q76

Current Electricity question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 2 · Q76

JEE MainPhysicsCurrent ElectricityNumerical+4 / −1
A current of 6A enters one corner P of an equilateral triangle PQR having 3 wires of resistance 2 Ω\OmegaΩ each and leaves by the corner R. The currents i1 in ampere is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. JEE Main 2021 (Online) 25th February Evening Shift Physics - Current Electricity Question 213 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 2

  1. Understand the circuit

    The triangle PQRPQRPQR is made of 3 wires, each of resistance 2 Ω2\,\Omega2Ω.

    So the three sides are:

    • PQ=2 ΩPQ = 2\,\OmegaPQ=2Ω
    • QR=2 ΩQR = 2\,\OmegaQR=2Ω
    • PR=2 ΩPR = 2\,\OmegaPR=2Ω

    A current of 6 A6\,\text{A}6A enters at PPP and leaves at RRR.

  2. Identify the two paths from PPP to RRR

    Current can go from PPP to RRR by two paths:

    • Direct path: along side PRPRPR R1=2 ΩR_1 = 2\,\OmegaR1​=2Ω

    • Indirect path: along P→Q→RP \to Q \to RP→Q→R R2=2+2=4 ΩR_2 = 2 + 2 = 4\,\OmegaR2​=2+2=4Ω

    Thus, between PPP and RRR, we have two parallel branches of resistances 2 Ω2\,\Omega2Ω and 4 Ω4\,\Omega4Ω.

  3. Use current division

    Total current entering at PPP is 6 A6\,\text{A}6A.

    In parallel branches, current divides inversely in proportion to resistances.

    Let current through the branch PQRPQRPQR be i1i_1i1​.

    Then, i1=6×R1R1+R2i_1 = 6 \times \frac{R_1}{R_1 + R_2}i1​=6×R1​+R2​R1​​ because current in one branch equals total current multiplied by the resistance of the other branch over the sum.

    So for the 4 Ω4\,\Omega4Ω branch, i1=6×22+4=6×26=2 Ai_1 = 6 \times \frac{2}{2+4} = 6 \times \frac{2}{6} = 2\,\text{A}i1​=6×2+42​=6×62​=2A

  4. Check by ratio method

    Currents divide as: I2Ω:I4Ω=4:2=2:1I_{2\Omega} : I_{4\Omega} = 4 : 2 = 2 : 1I2Ω​:I4Ω​=4:2=2:1

    Total current =6 A= 6\,\text{A}=6A, so division is: 4 A and 2 A4\,\text{A} \text{ and } 2\,\text{A}4A and 2A

    Hence current in the path P→Q→RP \to Q \to RP→Q→R is i1=2 Ai_1 = 2\,\text{A}i1​=2A

  5. Final answer

    2\boxed{2}2​

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