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Alternating Current question

2024 · 6 Apr · Shift 1 · Q89
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Alternating Current question

2024 · 6 Apr · Shift 1 · Q89

JEE MainPhysicsAlternating CurrentNumerical+4 / −1
When a dcd cdc voltage of 100 V100 \mathrm{~V}100 V is applied to an inductor, a dcd cdc current of 5 A5 \mathrm{~A}5 A flows through it. When an ac voltage of 200 V200 \mathrm{~V}200 V peak value is connected to inductor, its inductive reactance is found to be 203Ω20 \sqrt{3} \Omega203​Ω. The power dissipated in the circuit is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ W.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 250

  1. Find the resistance of the inductor from the DC case

When DC voltage is applied, the inductive reactance is zero in steady state, so only the coil's resistance RRR opposes current.

Given: Vdc=100 V,Idc=5 AV_{dc}=100\text{ V}, \quad I_{dc}=5\text{ A}Vdc​=100 V,Idc​=5 A

So, R=VdcIdc=1005=20 ΩR=\frac{V_{dc}}{I_{dc}}=\frac{100}{5}=20\,\OmegaR=Idc​Vdc​​=5100​=20Ω

  1. Use the AC data

The applied AC voltage has peak value 200 V200\text{ V}200 V, so its RMS value is Vrms=2002=1002 VV_{rms}=\frac{200}{\sqrt{2}}=100\sqrt{2}\text{ V}Vrms​=2​200​=1002​ V

Given inductive reactance: XL=203 ΩX_L=20\sqrt{3}\,\OmegaXL​=203​Ω

Hence the impedance of the coil is Z=R2+XL2Z=\sqrt{R^2+X_L^2}Z=R2+XL2​​ Z=202+(203)2Z=\sqrt{20^2+(20\sqrt{3})^2}Z=202+(203​)2​ Z=400+1200Z=\sqrt{400+1200}Z=400+1200​ Z=1600=40 ΩZ=\sqrt{1600}=40\,\OmegaZ=1600​=40Ω

  1. Find the RMS current in AC

Irms=VrmsZ=100240=522 AI_{rms}=\frac{V_{rms}}{Z}=\frac{100\sqrt{2}}{40}=\frac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\text{ A}Irms​=ZVrms​​=401002​​=252​​ A

  1. Power dissipated

Only the resistance dissipates power, so P=Irms2RP=I_{rms}^2 RP=Irms2​R

Now, Irms2=(522)2=25⋅24=252I_{rms}^2=\left(\frac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2=\frac{25\cdot 2}{4}=\frac{25}{2}Irms2​=(252​​)2=425⋅2​=225​

Thus, P=252×20=250 WP=\frac{25}{2}\times 20=250\text{ W}P=225​×20=250 W

  1. Final answer

250 W\boxed{250\text{ W}}250 W​

This matches the stored correct answer.

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