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Alternating Current question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q88
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Alternating Current question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q88

JEE MainPhysicsAlternating CurrentNumerical+4 / −1
A alternating current at any instant is given by i=[6+56sin⁡(100πt+π/3)]i=[6+\sqrt{56} \sin (100 \pi t+\pi / 3)]i=[6+56​sin(100πt+π/3)] A. The rmsr m srms value of the current is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ A.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 8

  1. The current is given by i(t)=6+56sin⁡(100πt+π3)i(t)=6+\sqrt{56}\sin\left(100\pi t+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)i(t)=6+56​sin(100πt+3π​)

This is of the form i(t)=I0+Imsin⁡(ωt+ϕ)i(t)=I_0+I_m\sin(\omega t+\phi)i(t)=I0​+Im​sin(ωt+ϕ) where

  • DC component: I0=6I_0=6I0​=6
  • AC amplitude: Im=56I_m=\sqrt{56}Im​=56​
  1. For a current having both DC and AC components, the rms value is Irms=I02+Im22I_{\text{rms}}=\sqrt{I_0^2+\frac{I_m^2}{2}}Irms​=I02​+2Im2​​​

This follows because the average of sin⁡(ωt+ϕ)\sin(\omega t+\phi)sin(ωt+ϕ) over a full cycle is 000, and the average of sin⁡2(ωt+ϕ)\sin^2(\omega t+\phi)sin2(ωt+ϕ) is 12\frac1221​.

  1. Substitute the values: Irms=62+(56)22I_{\text{rms}}=\sqrt{6^2+\frac{(\sqrt{56})^2}{2}}Irms​=62+2(56​)2​​

=36+562=\sqrt{36+\frac{56}{2}}=36+256​​

=36+28=\sqrt{36+28}=36+28​

=64=8=\sqrt{64}=8=64​=8

  1. Therefore, the rms value of the current is 8 A\boxed{8\ \text{A}}8 A​
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