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Alternating Current question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q52
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  5. /2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q52

Alternating Current question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsAlternating CurrentMCQ+4 / −1
A 10 Ω\OmegaΩ resistance is connected across 220V −-− 50 Hz AC supply. The time taken by the current to change from its maximum value to the rms value is :
  1. A
    2.5 ms
  2. B
    1.5 ms
  3. C
    3.0 ms
  4. D
    4.5 ms
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Write the current equation

For a pure resistor connected to AC supply, i=I0sin⁡ωti = I_0 \sin \omega ti=I0​sinωt where I0I_0I0​ is the maximum (peak) current.

The rms current is Irms=I02I_{\text{rms}} = \frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}Irms​=2​I0​​

  1. Find when current changes from maximum to rms

The current is maximum when sin⁡ωt=1\sin \omega t = 1sinωt=1 which occurs at ωt1=π2\omega t_1 = \frac{\pi}{2}ωt1​=2π​

Now we want the later time when current becomes i=Irms=I02i = I_{\text{rms}} = \frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}i=Irms​=2​I0​​ So, I0sin⁡ωt2=I02I_0 \sin \omega t_2 = \frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}I0​sinωt2​=2​I0​​ sin⁡ωt2=12\sin \omega t_2 = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}sinωt2​=2​1​

After the maximum point, this occurs at ωt2=3π4\omega t_2 = \frac{3\pi}{4}ωt2​=43π​

Thus, Δ(ωt)=3π4−π2=π4\Delta (\omega t) = \frac{3\pi}{4} - \frac{\pi}{2} = \frac{\pi}{4}Δ(ωt)=43π​−2π​=4π​

Hence, Δt=π/4ω\Delta t = \frac{\pi/4}{\omega}Δt=ωπ/4​

  1. Use ω=2πf\omega = 2\pi fω=2πf

Given, f=50 Hzf = 50\,\text{Hz}f=50Hz so ω=2πf=100π rad/s\omega = 2\pi f = 100\pi\,\text{rad/s}ω=2πf=100πrad/s

Therefore, Δt=π/4100π=1400 s\Delta t = \frac{\pi/4}{100\pi} = \frac{1}{400}\,\text{s}Δt=100ππ/4​=4001​s Δt=0.0025 s=2.5 ms\Delta t = 0.0025\,\text{s} = 2.5\,\text{ms}Δt=0.0025s=2.5ms

  1. Conclusion

The time taken is 2.5 ms\boxed{2.5\,\text{ms}}2.5ms​

So the correct option is A.

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