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Probability question

2023 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38
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Probability question

2023 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityNumerical+4 / −1
A fair n(n>1)n(n \gt 1)n(n>1) faces die is rolled repeatedly until a number less than nnn appears. If the mean of the number of tosses required is n9\frac{n}{9}9n​, then nnn is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 10

  1. Define success

A toss is considered a success if the die shows a number less than nnn.

Since the die has faces numbered from 111 to nnn:

  • Numbers less than nnn are 1,2,3,…,n−11,2,3,\dots,n-11,2,3,…,n−1
  • So the number of favorable outcomes is n−1n-1n−1

Hence, p=P(number less than n)=n−1np = P(\text{number less than } n) = \frac{n-1}{n}p=P(number less than n)=nn−1​

  1. Distribution of number of tosses required

The die is rolled repeatedly until a success occurs, so the number of tosses required follows a geometric distribution with parameter ppp.

For a geometric distribution, the mean is E(X)=1pE(X)=\frac{1}{p}E(X)=p1​

Therefore, E(X)=1(n−1)/n=nn−1E(X)=\frac{1}{(n-1)/n}=\frac{n}{n-1}E(X)=(n−1)/n1​=n−1n​

  1. Use the given condition

We are given that the mean number of tosses is n9\frac{n}{9}9n​

So, nn−1=n9\frac{n}{n-1} = \frac{n}{9}n−1n​=9n​

Since n>1n>1n>1, we can divide both sides by nnn: 1n−1=19\frac{1}{n-1} = \frac{1}{9}n−11​=91​

Thus, n−1=9n-1=9n−1=9 n=10n=10n=10

  1. Final answer

10\boxed{10}10​

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: 101010

Our derived answer matches the stored answer.

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