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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsMCQ+4 / −1
The number of triplets (x,y,z)(x, \mathrm{y}, \mathrm{z})(x,y,z), where x,y,zx, \mathrm{y}, \mathrm{z}x,y,z are distinct non negative integers satisfying x+y+z=15x+y+z=15x+y+z=15, is :
  1. A
    136
  2. B
    80
  3. C
    92
  4. D
    114
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We need the number of ordered triplets (x,y,z)(x,y,z)(x,y,z) such that:

    • x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z are distinct non-negative integers
    • x+y+z=15x+y+z=15x+y+z=15
  2. First, count all ordered non-negative integer solutions of x+y+z=15.x+y+z=15.x+y+z=15. Using stars and bars, the number of solutions is (15+3−13−1)=(172)=136.\binom{15+3-1}{3-1}=\binom{17}{2}=136.(3−115+3−1​)=(217​)=136.

  3. Now subtract the solutions where at least two variables are equal.

    Since x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z are required to be distinct, we must remove all cases with:

    • x=yx=yx=y
    • y=zy=zy=z
    • z=xz=xz=x
  4. Count solutions with x=yx=yx=y. Let x=y=ax=y=ax=y=a. Then 2a+z=15.2a+z=15.2a+z=15. Since z≥0z\ge 0z≥0, we need a=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7a=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7a=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. This gives 888 ordered solutions.

    Similarly:

    • y=zy=zy=z gives 888 solutions
    • z=xz=xz=x gives 888 solutions

    So total with at least one specified equality is 8+8+8=24.8+8+8=24.8+8+8=24.

  5. Check overlap: could all three be equal? If x=y=zx=y=zx=y=z, then 3x=15⇒x=5,3x=15 \Rightarrow x=5,3x=15⇒x=5, so (5,5,5)(5,5,5)(5,5,5) is one solution.

    This solution has been counted in all three equalities, so by inclusion-exclusion: 24−3+1?24-3+1?24−3+1?

    More carefully, ∣x=y∪y=z∪z=x∣=8+8+8−1−1−1+1=22,|x=y \cup y=z \cup z=x| = 8+8+8 -1-1-1 +1 = 22,∣x=y∪y=z∪z=x∣=8+8+8−1−1−1+1=22, because the only pairwise intersection is (5,5,5)(5,5,5)(5,5,5), and the triple intersection is also (5,5,5)(5,5,5)(5,5,5).

  6. Therefore, the number of ordered triplets with all distinct entries is 136−22=114.136-22=114.136−22=114.

  7. Hence the correct option is 114.\boxed{114}.114​.

  8. Comparing with the stored correct answer:

    • Stored answer: D
    • Derived answer: D So they agree.
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