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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q35
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q35

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
The sum of all the four-digit numbers that can be formed using all the digits 2, 1, 2, 3 is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 26664

  1. We need the sum of all distinct four-digit numbers formed using the digits 2,1,2,32,1,2,32,1,2,3.

  2. Since the digit 222 is repeated twice, the number of distinct 4-digit numbers is 4!2!=12.\frac{4!}{2!}=12.2!4!​=12.

  3. To find the total sum, use the symmetry idea:

  • In all distinct permutations, each position (thousands, hundreds, tens, units) is occupied equally often by each digit, accounting for repetition.

Let us count how many times each digit appears in any fixed position.

  • Total permutations = 121212.

  • For digit 111: fixing 111 in a chosen position, the remaining digits are 2,2,32,2,32,2,3, which can be arranged in 3!2!=3\frac{3!}{2!}=32!3!​=3 ways. So digit 111 appears 333 times in each position.

  • For digit 333: similarly, fixing 333 in a chosen position, the remaining digits are 1,2,21,2,21,2,2, which can be arranged in 3!2!=3\frac{3!}{2!}=32!3!​=3 ways. So digit 333 appears 333 times in each position.

  • For digit 222: there are two identical 222's. Fix one position with 222; the remaining digits are 1,2,31,2,31,2,3, which can be arranged in 3!=63!=63!=6 ways. Hence digit 222 appears 666 times in each position.

Check: total appearances per position 3+6+3=12,3+6+3=12,3+6+3=12, which is correct.

  1. So the sum of digits appearing in any one position is 1⋅3+2⋅6+3⋅3=3+12+9=24.1\cdot 3 + 2\cdot 6 + 3\cdot 3 = 3+12+9=24.1⋅3+2⋅6+3⋅3=3+12+9=24.

  2. Therefore total sum of all numbers is 24×(1000+100+10+1).24\times (1000+100+10+1).24×(1000+100+10+1). Now, 1000+100+10+1=1111.1000+100+10+1=1111.1000+100+10+1=1111. So, Sum=24×1111=26664.\text{Sum}=24\times 1111=26664.Sum=24×1111=26664.

  3. Hence the required sum is 26664.\boxed{26664}.26664​.

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