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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q60
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  5. /2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q60

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q60

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+4 / −1
If the function f(x)={1∣x∣,∣x∣⩾2ax2+2 b,∣x∣<2f(x)= \begin{cases}\frac{1}{|x|}, & |x| \geqslant 2 \\ \mathrm{a} x^2+2 \mathrm{~b}, & |x|\lt 2\end{cases}f(x)={∣x∣1​,ax2+2 b,​∣x∣⩾2∣x∣<2​ is differentiable on R\mathbf{R}R, then 48(a+b)48(a+b)48(a+b) is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 15

We need the piecewise function

f(x)={1∣x∣,∣x∣≥2ax2+2b,∣x∣<2f(x)= \begin{cases} \dfrac{1}{|x|}, & |x|\ge 2 \\ ax^2+2b, & |x|<2 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​∣x∣1​,ax2+2b,​∣x∣≥2∣x∣<2​

to be differentiable on all of R\mathbb RR.

Since each part is differentiable on its own interval, we only need to check the junction points: x=2andx=−2.x=2 \quad \text{and} \quad x=-2.x=2andx=−2.

1. Rewrite the outer part without modulus

For x≥2x\ge 2x≥2, ∣x∣=x|x|=x∣x∣=x, so f(x)=1x.f(x)=\frac1x.f(x)=x1​. For x≤−2x\le -2x≤−2, ∣x∣=−x|x|=-x∣x∣=−x, so f(x)=1−x=−1x.f(x)=\frac1{-x}=-\frac1x.f(x)=−x1​=−x1​.

Thus,

  • for x≥2x\ge 2x≥2: f(x)=1xf(x)=\dfrac1xf(x)=x1​
  • for x≤−2x\le -2x≤−2: f(x)=−1xf(x)=-\dfrac1xf(x)=−x1​
  • for ∣x∣<2|x|<2∣x∣<2: f(x)=ax2+2bf(x)=ax^2+2bf(x)=ax2+2b

2. Continuity at x=2x=2x=2

For differentiability, continuity is necessary.

From the middle piece, f(2−)=a(2)2+2b=4a+2b.f(2^-)=a(2)^2+2b=4a+2b.f(2−)=a(2)2+2b=4a+2b. From the outer piece, f(2)=12.f(2)=\frac12.f(2)=21​. So continuity at x=2x=2x=2 gives 4a+2b=12.(1)4a+2b=\frac12. \qquad (1)4a+2b=21​.(1)


3. Equality of derivatives at x=2x=2x=2

Derivative from the middle piece: ddx(ax2+2b)=2ax,\frac{d}{dx}(ax^2+2b)=2ax,dxd​(ax2+2b)=2ax, so at x=2x=2x=2, f−′(2)=4a.f'_-(2)=4a.f−′​(2)=4a.

Derivative from the right-side outer piece 1x\dfrac1xx1​: ddx(1x)=−1x2,\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac1x\right)=-\frac1{x^2},dxd​(x1​)=−x21​, so at x=2x=2x=2, f+′(2)=−14.f'_+(2)=-\frac14.f+′​(2)=−41​.

Differentiability at x=2x=2x=2 gives 4a=−14  ⟹  a=−116.(2)4a=-\frac14 \implies a=-\frac1{16}. \qquad (2)4a=−41​⟹a=−161​.(2)


4. Use continuity equation to find bbb

Substitute a=−116a=-\dfrac1{16}a=−161​ into (1): 4(−116)+2b=12.4\left(-\frac1{16}\right)+2b=\frac12.4(−161​)+2b=21​. That is, −14+2b=12,-\frac14+2b=\frac12,−41​+2b=21​, so 2b=12+14=34,2b=\frac12+\frac14=\frac34,2b=21​+41​=43​, b=38.b=\frac38.b=83​.


5. Check at x=−2x=-2x=−2

Now verify differentiability at x=−2x=-2x=−2.

Continuity

From middle piece, f((−2)+)=a(−2)2+2b=4a+2b=12.f((-2)^+)=a(-2)^2+2b=4a+2b=\frac12.f((−2)+)=a(−2)2+2b=4a+2b=21​. From outer piece for x≤−2x\le -2x≤−2, f(x)=−1xf(x)=-\dfrac1xf(x)=−x1​, hence f(−2)=−1−2=12.f(-2)= -\frac1{-2}=\frac12.f(−2)=−−21​=21​. So continuity holds.

Derivatives

Middle piece derivative at x=−2x=-2x=−2: f+′(−2)=2a(−2)=−4a=−4(−116)=14.f'_+(-2)=2a(-2)=-4a= -4\left(-\frac1{16}\right)=\frac14.f+′​(−2)=2a(−2)=−4a=−4(−161​)=41​.

Outer piece derivative: ddx(−1x)=1x2,\frac{d}{dx}\left(-\frac1x\right)=\frac1{x^2},dxd​(−x1​)=x21​, so at x=−2x=-2x=−2, f−′(−2)=1(−2)2=14.f'_-(-2)=\frac1{(-2)^2}=\frac14.f−′​(−2)=(−2)21​=41​. Hence differentiability at x=−2x=-2x=−2 also holds.


6. Compute 48(a+b)48(a+b)48(a+b)

a+b=−116+38=−232+1232=1032=516.a+b=-\frac1{16}+\frac38=-\frac2{32}+\frac{12}{32}=\frac{10}{32}=\frac5{16}.a+b=−161​+83​=−322​+3212​=3210​=165​. Therefore, 48(a+b)=48⋅516=3⋅5=15.48(a+b)=48\cdot \frac5{16}=3\cdot 5=15.48(a+b)=48⋅165​=3⋅5=15.

Final Answer

15\boxed{15}15​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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