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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q42
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  5. /2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q42

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q42

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let , f:[−1,2]→Rf:[-1,2] \rightarrow \mathbf{R}f:[−1,2]→R be given by f(x)=2x2+x+[x2]−[x]f(x)=2 x^2+x+\left[x^2\right]-[x]f(x)=2x2+x+[x2]−[x], where [t][t][t] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to ttt. The number of points, where fff is not continuous, is :
  1. A
    5
  2. B
    6
  3. C
    4
  4. D
    3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given function

We need the points in [−1,2][-1,2][−1,2] where f(x)=2x2+x+[x2]−[x]f(x)=2x^2+x+[x^2]-[x]f(x)=2x2+x+[x2]−[x] is not continuous.

Here, 2x2+x2x^2+x2x2+x is a polynomial, so it is continuous everywhere. Hence discontinuity can only come from g(x)=[x2]−[x].g(x)=[x^2]-[x].g(x)=[x2]−[x]. So we only need to check where [x2][x^2][x2] or [x][x][x] changes value.


  1. Possible discontinuity points

(i) For [x][x][x]

The greatest integer function [x][x][x] is discontinuous at every integer. In [−1,2][-1,2][−1,2], the relevant integers are x=−1,0,1,2.x=-1,0,1,2.x=−1,0,1,2. For continuity inside the interval, we mainly check interior points 0,10,10,1 and also endpoint behavior if needed. Since the question asks number of points where fff is not continuous on the interval, endpoints can also be checked via one-sided continuity.

(ii) For [x2][x^2][x2]

This changes when x2x^2x2 crosses an integer. In [−1,2][-1,2][−1,2], we have x2∈[0,4]x^2\in[0,4]x2∈[0,4], so possible jumps occur when x2=1,2,3,4.x^2=1,2,3,4.x2=1,2,3,4. Thus possible points are x=±1, ±2, ±3, ±2.x=\pm 1,\ \pm\sqrt2,\ \pm\sqrt3,\ \pm 2.x=±1, ±2​, ±3​, ±2. Restricting to [−1,2][-1,2][−1,2], we get x=−1,1,2,3,2.x=-1,1,\sqrt2,\sqrt3,2.x=−1,1,2​,3​,2.

Combining both lists, the only possible discontinuity points are x=−1,0,1,2,3,2.x=-1,0,1,\sqrt2,\sqrt3,2.x=−1,0,1,2​,3​,2.


  1. Check each candidate point

We analyze g(x)=[x2]−[x]g(x)=[x^2]-[x]g(x)=[x2]−[x].

(a) At x=0x=0x=0

For x→0−x\to 0^-x→0−:

  • [x]=−1[x]=-1[x]=−1
  • x2∈(0,1)x^2\in(0,1)x2∈(0,1), so [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0 Thus g(x)=0−(−1)=1.g(x)=0-(-1)=1.g(x)=0−(−1)=1.

For x→0+x\to 0^+x→0+:

  • [x]=0[x]=0[x]=0
  • [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0 Thus g(x)=0−0=0.g(x)=0-0=0.g(x)=0−0=0.

Left and right limits differ, so fff is discontinuous at x=0x=0x=0.


(b) At x=1x=1x=1

For x→1−x\to 1^-x→1−:

  • [x]=0[x]=0[x]=0
  • x2→1−x^2\to 1^-x2→1−, so [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0 Thus g(x)=0−0=0.g(x)=0-0=0.g(x)=0−0=0.

At x=1x=1x=1 and for x→1+x\to 1^+x→1+:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • for x>1x>1x>1 close to 111, x2∈(1,2)x^2\in(1,2)x2∈(1,2) so [x2]=1[x^2]=1[x2]=1 Thus g(x)=1−1=0.g(x)=1-1=0.g(x)=1−1=0. Also at x=1x=1x=1, g(1)=1−1=0g(1)=1-1=0g(1)=1−1=0.

Hence fff is continuous at x=1x=1x=1.


(c) At x=2x=\sqrt2x=2​

Here 1<2<21<\sqrt2<21<2​<2.

For x→2−x\to \sqrt2^-x→2​−:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • x2<2x^2<2x2<2, so [x2]=1[x^2]=1[x2]=1 Thus g(x)=1−1=0.g(x)=1-1=0.g(x)=1−1=0.

For x→2+x\to \sqrt2^+x→2​+:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • x2>2x^2>2x2>2, so [x2]=2[x^2]=2[x2]=2 Thus g(x)=2−1=1.g(x)=2-1=1.g(x)=2−1=1.

Jump occurs, so discontinuous at x=2x=\sqrt2x=2​.


(d) At x=3x=\sqrt3x=3​

Again 1<3<21<\sqrt3<21<3​<2.

For x→3−x\to \sqrt3^-x→3​−:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • x2<3x^2<3x2<3, so [x2]=2[x^2]=2[x2]=2 Thus g(x)=2−1=1.g(x)=2-1=1.g(x)=2−1=1.

For x→3+x\to \sqrt3^+x→3​+:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • x2>3x^2>3x2>3, so [x2]=3[x^2]=3[x2]=3 Thus g(x)=3−1=2.g(x)=3-1=2.g(x)=3−1=2.

Jump occurs, so discontinuous at x=3x=\sqrt3x=3​.


(e) At x=−1x=-1x=−1

Check right continuity since it is the left endpoint. For x>−1x>-1x>−1 close to −1-1−1:

  • [x]=−1[x]=-1[x]=−1
  • x2<1x^2<1x2<1, so [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0 Thus g(x)=0−(−1)=1.g(x)=0-(-1)=1.g(x)=0−(−1)=1.

But at x=−1x=-1x=−1: g(−1)=[1]−[−1]=1−(−1)=2.g(-1)=[1]-[-1]=1-(-1)=2.g(−1)=[1]−[−1]=1−(−1)=2. So right limit is not equal to function value. Hence fff is discontinuous at x=−1x=-1x=−1.


(f) At x=2x=2x=2

Check left continuity since it is the right endpoint. For x<2x<2x<2 close to 222:

  • [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1
  • x2<4x^2<4x2<4 but close to 444, so [x2]=3[x^2]=3[x2]=3 Thus g(x)=3−1=2.g(x)=3-1=2.g(x)=3−1=2.

At x=2x=2x=2: g(2)=[4]−[2]=4−2=2.g(2)=[4]-[2]=4-2=2.g(2)=[4]−[2]=4−2=2. So left limit equals function value. Hence fff is continuous at x=2x=2x=2.


  1. List of discontinuity points

The discontinuities occur at x=−1, 0, 2, 3.x=-1,\ 0,\ \sqrt2,\ \sqrt3.x=−1, 0, 2​, 3​. So the number of points is 4.4.4.


  1. Option matching

Thus the correct option is C: 4.\boxed{\text{C: }4}.C: 4​.

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