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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2021 · 22 Jul · Shift 2 · Q44
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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2021 · 22 Jul · Shift 2 · Q44

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+4 / −1
Let f : R →\to→ R be a function defined as f(x)={3(1−∣x∣2)if∣x∣ ≤20if∣x∣ >2f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {3\left( {1 - {{|x|} \over 2}} \right)} & {if} & {|x|\, \le 2} \\ 0 & {if} & {|x|\, \gt 2} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={3(1−2∣x∣​)0​ifif​∣x∣≤2∣x∣>2​ Let g : R →\to→ R be given by g(x)=f(x+2)−f(x−2)g(x) = f(x + 2) - f(x - 2)g(x)=f(x+2)−f(x−2). If n and m denote the number of points in R where g is not continuous and not differentiable, respectively, then n + m is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 4

  1. Understand the function f(x)f(x)f(x)

Given

f(x)={3(1−∣x∣2),∣x∣≤2,0,∣x∣>2.f(x)= \begin{cases} 3\left(1-\dfrac{|x|}{2}\right), & |x|\le 2,\\[4pt] 0, & |x|>2. \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​3(1−2∣x∣​),0,​∣x∣≤2,∣x∣>2.​

For ∣x∣≤2|x|\le 2∣x∣≤2,

f(x)=3−32∣x∣.f(x)=3-\frac{3}{2}|x|.f(x)=3−23​∣x∣.

So fff is a triangular function supported on [−2,2][-2,2][−2,2].

More explicitly,

  • for −2≤x≤0-2\le x\le 0−2≤x≤0, ∣x∣=−x|x|=-x∣x∣=−x, so f(x)=3+3x2;f(x)=3+\frac{3x}{2};f(x)=3+23x​;
  • for 0≤x≤20\le x\le 20≤x≤2, ∣x∣=x|x|=x∣x∣=x, so f(x)=3−3x2;f(x)=3-\frac{3x}{2};f(x)=3−23x​;
  • outside [−2,2][-2,2][−2,2], f(x)=0f(x)=0f(x)=0.

Thus fff is continuous everywhere, but not differentiable at x=−2,  0,  2.x=-2,\;0,\;2.x=−2,0,2.


  1. Form g(x)=f(x+2)−f(x−2)g(x)=f(x+2)-f(x-2)g(x)=f(x+2)−f(x−2)

We determine where each term is nonzero.

  • f(x+2)≠0f(x+2)\neq 0f(x+2)=0 when ∣x+2∣≤2  ⟹  −4≤x≤0.|x+2|\le 2 \implies -4\le x\le 0.∣x+2∣≤2⟹−4≤x≤0.
  • f(x−2)≠0f(x-2)\neq 0f(x−2)=0 when ∣x−2∣≤2  ⟹  0≤x≤4.|x-2|\le 2 \implies 0\le x\le 4.∣x−2∣≤2⟹0≤x≤4.

So g(x)g(x)g(x) is supported on [−4,4][-4,4][−4,4], with a joining point at x=0x=0x=0.


  1. Find piecewise expression for ggg

Case 1: −4≤x≤−2-4\le x\le -2−4≤x≤−2

Then x+2∈[−2,0]x+2\in[-2,0]x+2∈[−2,0], so f(x+2)=3+32(x+2)=6+3x2.f(x+2)=3+\frac{3}{2}(x+2)=6+\frac{3x}{2}.f(x+2)=3+23​(x+2)=6+23x​. Also x−2<−2x-2<-2x−2<−2, so f(x−2)=0f(x-2)=0f(x−2)=0. Hence g(x)=6+3x2.g(x)=6+\frac{3x}{2}.g(x)=6+23x​.

Case 2: −2≤x≤0-2\le x\le 0−2≤x≤0

Then x+2∈[0,2]x+2\in[0,2]x+2∈[0,2], so f(x+2)=3−32(x+2)=−3x2.f(x+2)=3-\frac{3}{2}(x+2)=-\frac{3x}{2}.f(x+2)=3−23​(x+2)=−23x​. And still x−2∈[−4,−2]x-2\in[-4,-2]x−2∈[−4,−2], so f(x−2)=0f(x-2)=0f(x−2)=0. Thus g(x)=−3x2.g(x)=-\frac{3x}{2}.g(x)=−23x​.

Case 3: 0≤x≤20\le x\le 20≤x≤2

Then x+2∈[2,4]x+2\in[2,4]x+2∈[2,4], so f(x+2)=0f(x+2)=0f(x+2)=0 except at endpoint x=0x=0x=0, but formula-wise on this interval it is 000. Also x−2∈[−2,0]x-2\in[-2,0]x−2∈[−2,0], so f(x−2)=3+32(x−2)=3x2.f(x-2)=3+\frac{3}{2}(x-2)=\frac{3x}{2}.f(x−2)=3+23​(x−2)=23x​. Hence g(x)=−3x2.g(x)= -\frac{3x}{2}.g(x)=−23x​.

Case 4: 2≤x≤42\le x\le 42≤x≤4

Then x+2>2x+2>2x+2>2, so f(x+2)=0f(x+2)=0f(x+2)=0. Also x−2∈[0,2]x-2\in[0,2]x−2∈[0,2], so f(x−2)=3−32(x−2)=6−3x2.f(x-2)=3-\frac{3}{2}(x-2)=6-\frac{3x}{2}.f(x−2)=3−23​(x−2)=6−23x​. Thus g(x)=−6+3x2.g(x)= -6+\frac{3x}{2}.g(x)=−6+23x​.

Outside these intervals, g(x)=0g(x)=0g(x)=0.

So,

g(x)={0,x<−4,6+3x2,−4≤x≤−2,−3x2,−2≤x≤2,−6+3x2,2≤x≤4,0,x>4.g(x)= \begin{cases} 0, & x<-4,\\[4pt] 6+\dfrac{3x}{2}, & -4\le x\le -2,\\[6pt] -\dfrac{3x}{2}, & -2\le x\le 2,\\[6pt] -6+\dfrac{3x}{2}, & 2\le x\le 4,\\[6pt] 0, & x>4. \end{cases}g(x)=⎩⎨⎧​0,6+23x​,−23x​,−6+23x​,0,​x<−4,−4≤x≤−2,−2≤x≤2,2≤x≤4,x>4.​
  1. Count points where ggg is not continuous

Possible trouble points are the junctions: x=−4,−2,2,4.x=-4,-2,2,4.x=−4,−2,2,4. Check continuity:

  • At x=−4x=-4x=−4: left value =0=0=0, right value =6+3(−4)2=0=6+\frac{3(-4)}{2}=0=6+23(−4)​=0. Continuous.

  • At x=−2x=-2x=−2: from left =6+3(−2)2=3=6+\frac{3(-2)}{2}=3=6+23(−2)​=3, from right =−3(−2)2=3=-\frac{3(-2)}{2}=3=−23(−2)​=3. Continuous.

  • At x=2x=2x=2: from left =−3(2)2=−3=-\frac{3(2)}{2}=-3=−23(2)​=−3, from right =−6+3(2)2=−3=-6+\frac{3(2)}{2}=-3=−6+23(2)​=−3. Continuous.

  • At x=4x=4x=4: from left =−6+3(4)2=0=-6+\frac{3(4)}{2}=0=−6+23(4)​=0, right value =0=0=0. Continuous.

Also at x=0x=0x=0, from both sides g(x)=−3x2→0g(x)=-\frac{3x}{2}\to 0g(x)=−23x​→0, so continuous.

Therefore, n=0.n=0.n=0.


  1. Count points where ggg is not differentiable

On each open interval, ggg is linear, so differentiable there. Possible non-differentiability points are the junctions: x=−4,−2,2,4.x=-4,-2,2,4.x=−4,−2,2,4. (At x=0x=0x=0, same formula −3x2-\frac{3x}{2}−23x​ on both sides, so differentiable.)

Now compare left and right derivatives:

  • At x=−4x=-4x=−4: left derivative =0=0=0, right derivative =32=\frac{3}{2}=23​. Not differentiable.

  • At x=−2x=-2x=−2: left derivative =32=\frac{3}{2}=23​, right derivative =−32=-\frac{3}{2}=−23​. Not differentiable.

  • At x=2x=2x=2: left derivative =−32=-\frac{3}{2}=−23​, right derivative =32=\frac{3}{2}=23​. Not differentiable.

  • At x=4x=4x=4: left derivative =32=\frac{3}{2}=23​, right derivative =0=0=0. Not differentiable.

Thus, m=4.m=4.m=4.


  1. Final value

n+m=0+4=4.n+m=0+4=4.n+m=0+4=4.

So the required integer is 4.\boxed{4}.4​.

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